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Alkanes have the general chemical formula C n H 2n+2. The alkanes range in complexity from the simplest case of methane (CH 4), where n = 1 (sometimes called the parent molecule), to arbitrarily large and complex molecules, like pentacontane (C 50 H 102) or 6-ethyl-2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl) octane, an isomer of tetradecane (C 14 H 30).
The formula for acyclic saturated hydrocarbons (i.e., alkanes) is C n H 2n+2. [1]: 623 The most general form of saturated hydrocarbons, (whether linear or branched species, and whether with or without one or more rings) is C n H 2n+2(1-r), where r is the number of rings. Those with exactly one ring are the cycloalkanes.
2 994 664 179 967 370 611: 3.486 951 955 119 47 × 10 21: C 51 H 104: n-henpentacontane: 52 8 031 081 780 535 296 591: 1.092 126 741 043 54 × 10 22: C 52 H 106: n-dopentacontane: 53 2.155 777 191 357 26 × 10 19: 3.423 721 299 907 32 × 10 22: C 53 H 108: n-tripentacontane: 54 5.791 918 087 314 84 × 10 19: 1.074 254 564 589 75 × 10 23: C 54 ...
In petrochemistry, petroleum geology and organic chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or long-chain hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules such as light hydrocarbons, by the breaking of carbon–carbon bonds in the precursors.
The Corey–House synthesis (also called the Corey–Posner–Whitesides–House reaction and other permutations) is an organic reaction that involves the reaction of a lithium diorganylcuprate with an organic halide or pseudohalide (′) to form a new alkane, as well as an ill-defined organocopper species and lithium (pseudo)halide as byproducts.
The naming of polycyclic alkanes such as bicyclic alkanes and spiro alkanes is more complex, with the base name indicating the number of carbons in the ring system, a prefix indicating the number of rings ( "bicyclo-" or "spiro-"), and a numeric prefix before that indicating the number of carbons in each part of each ring, exclusive of ...
2-Methylheptane is a branched-chain alkane and an isomer of octane. It is an heptane molecule with a methyl group attached to its second atom. It is a flammable colorless liquid used as fuel. [2] If the standard definition of the prefix "iso-" is strictly used then 2-methylheptane can be called "Isooctane".