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Overdiagnosis is the diagnosis of disease that will never cause symptoms or death during a patient's ordinarily expected lifetime [1] and thus presents no practical threat regardless of being pathologic. Overdiagnosis is a side effect of screening for early forms of disease.
Lead time bias occurs if testing increases the perceived survival time without affecting the course of the disease. Lead time bias happens when survival time appears longer because diagnosis was done earlier (for instance, by screening), irrespective of whether the patient lived longer.
Obstetric ultrasonography, or prenatal ultrasound, is the use of medical ultrasonography in pregnancy, in which sound waves are used to create real-time visual images of the developing embryo or fetus in the uterus (womb).
The Ballard Maturational Assessment, Ballard Score, or Ballard Scale, is a commonly used technique of gestational age assessment. It was devised by Dr Jeanne L. Ballard, Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine.
The obstetric history of a female who has had four pregnancies, one of which was a miscarriage before 20 weeks, would be noted in the GPA system as G 4 P 3 A 1 and in the GP system as G 4 P 3. The obstetric history of a female who has had one pregnancy of twins with successful outcomes would be noted as G 1 P 1+1 .
Overdiagnosis occurs when all of these people with harmless abnormalities are counted as "lives saved" by the screening, rather than as "healthy people needlessly harmed by overdiagnosis". So it might lead to an endless cycle: the greater the overdiagnosis, the more people will think screening is more effective than it is, which can reinforce ...
Most are reserved for people with a body mass index (BMI) of at least 30 (which is considered obesity) or at least 27 with weight-related health concerns like type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure ...
Overdiagnosis is the diagnosis of "disease" that will never cause symptoms or death during a patient's lifetime. [9] It is a problem because it turns people into patients unnecessarily and because it can lead to economic waste [10] (overutilization) and treatments that may cause harm. Overdiagnosis occurs when a disease is diagnosed correctly ...