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During the occupation of Germany by the Allies after World War II, the US Army designated the prison as War Criminal Prison No. 1 to hold convicted Nazi war criminals. [2] It was run and guarded by personnel from the United States Army's Military Police (MPs). The first condemned prisoners arrived at Landsberg prison in December 1945.
The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, [1] [note 1] was a failed coup d'état by Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler, Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders in Munich, Bavaria, on 8–9 November 1923, during the Weimar Republic.
Stadelheim Prison (German: Justizvollzugsanstalt München), in Munich's Giesing district, is one of the largest prisons in Germany. Stadelheim Prison Founded in 1894, it was the site of many executions , particularly by guillotine during the Nazi period.
Spandau Prison in 1951 Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Dorofeev (Soviet Union), MG John E. Rogers (USA), West Berlin, 1 April 1981. Spandau Prison was a former military prison located in the Spandau borough of West Berlin (present-day Berlin, Germany). Built in 1876, it became a proto-concentration camp under Nazi Germany.
Adolf Hitler [a] (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party , [ c ] becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then taking the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934.
Dietrich Eckart visited Obersalzberg for the first time in May 1923. [2] The Hitler trial resulted in a minimum sentence of five years in Landsberg Prison, where he dictated the first volume of Mein Kampf to his later deputy Rudolf Hess [3] (according to Joachim Fest, the first volume was only dictated by Hitler in Obersalzberg after his imprisonment, like the second). [4]
Gertraud "Traudl" Junge (née Humps; 16 March 1920 – 10 February 2002) was a German editor who worked as Adolf Hitler's last private secretary from December 1942 to April 1945. After typing Hitler's will, she remained in the Berlin Führerbunker until his death. Following her arrest and imprisonment in June 1945, both the Soviet and the U.S ...
Very few served actual prison time due to their advanced age which made their sentences (if any) symbolic. On the other hand, some listed here had all charges against them cleared after the fact. Over 200,000 Nazis are estimated to have been perpetrators of Nazi-era crimes. Of these, roughly 140,000 cases were brought between 1945 and 2005.