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  2. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Diagnosis_of_multiple_sclerosis

    Unusual types of MS have been described; these include Devic's disease, Balo concentric sclerosis, Schilder's diffuse sclerosis, and Marburg multiple sclerosis. There is debate on whether they are MS variants or different diseases. [31] Multiple sclerosis behaves differently in children, taking more time to reach the progressive stage. [5]

  3. McDonald criteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McDonald_criteria

    The McDonald criteria maintained a scheme for diagnosing MS based solely on clinical grounds but also proposed for the first time that when clinical evidence is lacking, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings can serve as surrogates for dissemination in space (DIS) and/or time (DIT) to diagnose MS. [5] The criteria try to prove the existence ...

  4. Multiple sclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease resulting in damage to the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. [3] As a demyelinating disease, MS disrupts the nervous system's ability to transmit signals, resulting in a range of signs and symptoms, including physical, mental, and sometimes psychiatric problems.

  5. Biomarkers of multiple sclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarkers_of_multiple...

    Currently the best predictor for clinical multiple sclerosis is the number of T2 lesions visualized by MRI during the CIS, but it has been proposed to complement it with MRI measures of BBB permeability [97] It is normal to evaluate diagnostic criteria against the "time to conversion to definite".

  6. Pathology of multiple sclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Pathology_of_multiple_sclerosis

    Multiple sclerosis (MS) can be pathologically defined as the presence of distributed glial scars in the central nervous system that must show dissemination in time (DIT) and in space (DIS) to be considered MS lesions. [1] [2] The scars that give the name to the condition are produced by the astrocyte cells attempting to heal old lesions. [3]

  7. Poser criteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poser_criteria

    Poser criteria were published in 1983 and their sensitivity increased with time. For example, in 1988 a 94% specificity vs. postmortem analysis was reported [ 5 ] Anyway, in initial cases, the sensitivity was low respect pathologically defined MS because around 25% of MS cases are silent MS cases .

  8. Brain positron emission tomography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_positron_emission...

    Detectors in the PET scanner detect the radioactivity as the compound charges in various regions of the brain. A computer uses the data gathered by the detectors to create multi-dimensional (normally 3-dimensional volumetric or 4-dimensional time-varying) images that show the distribution of the radiotracer in the brain following the time.

  9. Pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of...

    Multiple sclerosis can be pathologically defined as the presence of distributed glial scars (or sclerosis) in the central nervous system disseminated in time (DIT) and space (DIS). [2] The gold standard for MS diagnosis is pathological correlation, though given its limited availability, other diagnosis methods are normally used. [ 3 ]

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