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Ovarian stimulation with the aromatase inhibitor letrozole has been proposed for ovulation induction in order to treat unexplained female infertility. In a multi-center study funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Development, ovarian stimulation with letrozole resulted in a significantly lower frequency of multiple gestation (i.e., twins or triplets) but also a lower frequency ...
The following will cover the advancements of female fertility agents, major causes of female infertility. Next, it emphasizes on common female fertility agents in terms of their mechanism of action, side effects, fetal consideration and clinical application and ended up by the introduction of supplements and herbal medicines for female infertility.
Letrozole, sold under the brand name Femara among others, is an aromatase inhibitor medication that is used in the treatment of breast cancer for post-menopausal women. [1]It was patented in 1986 and approved for medical use in 1996. [4]
The main source of estrogen is the ovaries in premenopausal women, while in post-menopausal women most of the body's estrogen is produced via the conversion of androgens into estrogen by the aromatase enzyme in the peripheral tissues (i.e. adipose tissue like that of the breast) and a number of sites in the brain. Estrogen is produced locally ...
Side effects of antihormone therapy are generally minimal, but can produce similar feelings to menopause in women. [4] Common symptoms of all antihormone therapies include irregular menstrual cycles, hot flashes, weight gain, vaginal dryness, headaches, mood swings and hair thinning. [ 4 ]
Although aromatase inhibitors and antigonadotropins can be considered antiestrogens by some definitions, they are often treated as distinct classes. [9] Aromatase inhibitors and antigonadotropins reduce the production of estrogen, while the term "antiestrogen" is often reserved for agents reducing the response to estrogen. [10]
Over on the male side, Dr. Primack says that obesity is often the cause of male breast growth. “Male breast growth is often caused by an imbalance of estrogen levels.
The progression has been necessary as the first-generation of drug-induced inhibitors of the enzyme were not particularly potent and lacked specificity that would often produce side effects unrelated to estrogen deprivation. Thus, development from first-generation to third-generation has given remarkable specificity and potency.