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  2. Phosphorus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus

    Phosphorus has an oxidation number of −3 in phosphine. Phosphine is produced by hydrolysis of calcium phosphide, Ca 3 P 2. Unlike ammonia, phosphine is oxidised by air. Phosphine is also far less basic than ammonia. Other phosphines are known which contain chains of up to nine phosphorus atoms and have the formula P n H n+2. [17]

  3. Phosphoric acids and phosphates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoric_acids_and...

    A general formula for such cyclic compounds is [HPO 3] x where x = number of phosphoric units in the molecule. When metaphosphoric acids lose their hydrogens as H +, cyclic anions called metaphosphates are formed. An example of a compound with such an anion is sodium hexametaphosphate (Na 6 P 6 O 18), used as a sequestrant and a food additive.

  4. Allotropes of phosphorus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allotropes_of_phosphorus

    White phosphorus, yellow phosphorus or simply tetraphosphorus (P 4) exists as molecules of four phosphorus atoms in a tetrahedral structure, joined by six phosphorusphosphorus single bonds. [1] The free P 4 molecule in the gas phase has a P-P bond length of r g = 2.1994(3) Å as was determined by gas electron diffraction . [ 2 ]

  5. Phosphorus oxoacid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus_oxoacid

    Their generic formula is H n−x+2 P n O 3n−x+1, where n is the number of phosphorus atoms and x is the number of fundamental cycles in the molecule's structure. These acids, and their esters and salts ("phosphates") include some of the best-known and most important compounds of phosphorus. Orthophosphoric acid, H 3 PO 4. The simplest member ...

  6. Phosphoryl group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoryl_group

    A phosphoryl group is a trivalent >P(=O)− group, consisting of a phosphorus atom (symbol P) and an oxygen atom (symbol O), where the three free valencies are on the phosphorus atom. While commonly depicted as possessing a double bond (P=O) the bonding is in fact non-classical. [1]

  7. Valence (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valence_(chemistry)

    Phosphorus has a valence 3 in phosphine (PH 3) and a valence of 5 in phosphorus pentachloride (PCl 5), which shows that an element may exhibit more than one valence. The structural formula of a compound represents the connectivity of the atoms, with lines drawn between two atoms to represent bonds. [1]

  8. White phosphorus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_phosphorus

    White phosphorus, yellow phosphorus, or simply tetraphosphorus (P 4) is an allotrope of phosphorus. It is a translucent waxy solid that quickly yellows in light (due to its photochemical conversion into red phosphorus ), [ 2 ] and impure white phosphorus is for this reason called yellow phosphorus.

  9. Organophosphorus chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organophosphorus_chemistry

    Diphosphenes, with the formula R 2 P 2, formally contain phosphorus-phosphorus double bonds. These phosphorus(I) species are rare but are stable provided that the organic substituents are large enough to prevent catenation. Bulky substituents also stabilize phosphorus radicals. Many mixed-valence compounds are known, e.g. the cage P 7 (CH 3) 3.