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Middle: from proximal segment to halfway of remaining distance to apex. [5] [6] A more technical definition is from the proximal segment to the point where the LAD forms an angle, as seen from a right anterior oblique view on angiography, which is often close to the origin of the second diagonal branch. [7]
In approximately 33% of individuals, the left coronary artery gives rise to the posterior descending artery [4] which perfuses the posterior and inferior walls of the left ventricle. Sometimes a third branch is formed at the fork between left anterior descending and left circumflex arteries, known as a ramus or intermediate artery .
[citation needed] The left coronary artery typically runs for 10–25 mm, then bifurcates into the left anterior descending artery, and the left circumflex artery. [ 1 ] The part that is between the aorta and the bifurcation only is known as the left main artery (LM), while the term "LCA" might refer to just the left main, or to the left main ...
The circumflex branch of left coronary artery (also known as the left circumflex artery or circumflex artery [citation needed]) is a branch of the left coronary artery. It winds around the left side of the heart along the atrioventricular groove (coronary sulcus). It supplies the posterolateral portion of the left ventricle. [1]
2.2 left common carotid artery (directly from arch of aorta on left mostly) ... diagonal; circumflex. SA nodal artery (in 40%) posterior interventricular artery ...
The left artery is most often used because it is closer to the heart, but the right artery is sometimes used, depending on patient and surgeon preferences. The ITAs are advantageous because of their endothelial cells, which produce endothelium-derived relaxing factor and prostacyclin , protecting the artery from atherosclerosis and thus ...
If the posterior descending artery is supplied by the circumflex artery (CX), a branch of the left artery, then the coronary circulation can be classified as "left-dominant." If the posterior descending artery is supplied by both the right coronary artery and the circumflex artery, then the coronary circulation can be classified as "co-dominant."
Anatomy photo:20:09-0106 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Heart: The Left Coronary Artery and its Branches" Anatomy figure: 20:04-02 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Posterior view of the heart." "Obtuse marginal artery". Medcyclopaedia. GE. Archived from the original on 2012-02-05. Image at texheartsurgeons.com