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Prosodic bootstrapping (also known as phonological bootstrapping) in linguistics refers to the hypothesis that learners of a primary language (L1) use prosodic features such as pitch, tempo, rhythm, amplitude, and other auditory aspects from the speech signal as a cue to identify other properties of grammar, such as syntactic structure. [1]
PSOLA (Pitch Synchronous Overlap and Add) is a digital signal processing technique used for speech processing and more specifically speech synthesis. It can be used to modify the pitch and duration of a speech signal. It was invented around 1986. [2] PSOLA works by dividing the speech waveform in small overlapping segments.
"TRACE was the first model that instantiated the activation of multiple word candidates that match any part of the speech input." [4] A simulation of speech perception involves presenting the TRACE computer program with mock speech input, running the program, and generating a result. A successful simulation indicates that the result is found to ...
In a simple form of communication between two people, such as a short dialog, the speaker's utterance and transmission of speech sounds (or speech signal) to the hearer encompass seven phases of speech, namely: [1] neurolinguistic programming; neuromuscular phase; organic phase; aerodynamic phase; acoustic phase; neuroreceptive phase
In speech communication, intelligibility is a measure of how comprehensible speech is in given conditions. Intelligibility is affected by the level (loud but not too loud) and quality of the speech signal, the type and level of background noise, reverberation (some reflections but not too many), and, for speech over communication devices, the properties of the communication system.
POLQA, similar to P.862 PESQ, is a Full Reference (FR) algorithm that rates a degraded or processed speech signal in relation to the original signal. It compares each sample of the reference signal (talker side) to each corresponding sample of the degraded signal (listener side). Perceptual differences between both signals are scored as ...
Speech processing is the study of speech signals and the processing methods of signals. The signals are usually processed in a digital representation, so speech processing can be regarded as a special case of digital signal processing , applied to speech signals .
Therefore, a particular phone can be identified from the recorded speech by multiplying the original frequency spectrum with further multiplications of transfer functions specific to each phone followed by signal processing techniques. Thus, by using MFCC one can characterize cell phone recordings to identify the brand and model of the phone.