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Louis XVI (Louis Auguste; French: [lwi sɛːz]; 23 August 1754 – 21 January 1793) was the last king of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution. The son of Louis, Dauphin of France (son and heir-apparent of King Louis XV), and Maria Josepha of Saxony, Louis became the new Dauphin when his father died in 1765.
Élisabeth Philippe Marie Hélène of France [1] [2] (3 May 1764 – 10 May 1794), also known as Madame Élisabeth, was a French princess.She was the youngest child of Louis, Dauphin of France, and Duchess Maria Josepha of Saxony, and she was a sister of King Louis XVI. Élisabeth's father, the Dauphin, was the son and heir of King Louis XV and his popular wife, Queen Marie Leszczyńska ...
Louis Antoine was born at the Palace of Versailles, as the eldest son of Charles Philippe, Count of Artois, the youngest brother of King Louis XVI.He was born one year after the death of his great-grandfather, King Louis XV and 7 years after the death of his great-grandmother, the Queen Marie Leszczyńska.
Louis XVII (born Louis Charles, Duke of Normandy; 27 March 1785 – 8 June 1795) was the younger son of King Louis XVI of France and Queen Marie Antoinette. His older brother, Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France , died in June 1789, a little over a month before the start of the French Revolution .
At the death of her husband's grandfather Louis XV in 1774, her brother-in-law succeeded as Louis XVI; as the eldest brother of the king, her spouse took on the style Monsieur, and Marie Joséphine was thus under the reign of her brother-in-law known under the style of Madame.
Her oldest brother, King Louis XVI, her sister-in-law, Queen Marie Antoinette; and her younger sister, Madame Élisabeth, were all executed in 1793–94. Clotilde regarded her brother to have been a Catholic martyr, but she was reportedly more emotionally affected by the execution of her sister, which became a turning point in her life. [8]
His older brother, dubbed Louis XVIII after the death of his nephew in June 1795, relocated to Verona and then to Jelgava Palace, Mitau, where Charles' son Louis Antoine married Louis XVI's only surviving child, Marie Thérèse, on 10 June 1799. In 1802, Charles supported his brother with several thousand pounds.
Both Louis and Marie Antoinette were guillotined during the Revolution and their young heir Louis XVII died in prison. The succession then passed to Louis XVI's younger brothers Louis XVIII and Charles X. In 1793, eighteen years after his coronation, Louis XVI was executed in Paris during the French Revolution.