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Childhood trauma [8] can leave epigenetic marks on a child's genes, which chemically modify gene expression by silencing or activating genes, or DNA methylation. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] This can alter fundamental biological processes and adversely affect health outcomes throughout life. [ 22 ]
The trauma model of mental disorders, or trauma model of psychopathology, emphasises the effects of physical, sexual and psychological trauma as key causal factors in the development of psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety [1] as well as psychosis, [2] whether the trauma is experienced in childhood or adulthood. It ...
The effects of this trauma can be experienced very differently depending on factors such as how long the trauma was, how severe and even the age of the child when it occurred. Negative childhood experiences can have a tremendous impact on future violence victimization and perpetration, and lifelong health and opportunity. [3]
This play allows therapists to see where the child's traumas lie and help the child overcome these traumas. [3] However, Anna also realized that children's play does not reveal some unconscious revelation. [1] Children, unlike adults, have not yet repressed events or learned how to cover up their true emotions.
Validating their emotions about their trauma responses is crucial. Caregivers are also provided with strategies to assist their child in responding to trauma responses. [2] Education on trauma reminders (e.g., the cues, people, places etc. associated with the trauma event) helps explain to children and caregivers how PTSD symptoms are ...
Sigmund Freud is famous for his theories of psychosexual development which suggest that people's personality traits stem from their libido (sexual appetite) which develops from early childhood experiences. [17] Freud's trauma theory, originally named "Seduction Theory" posits that childhood amnesia was the result of the mind's attempt to ...
Trauma Systems Therapy (TST) is a mental health treatment model for children and adolescents who have been exposed to trauma, defined as experiencing, witnessing, or confronting "an event or events that involved actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or others". [1]
The effects of childhood trauma can be seen in the relation it has with both psychopathic traits and inhibition of altruistic attitudes. [15] In childhood, males who show higher levels of psychopathic traits are more likely to have experienced abuse and neglect, specifically emotional neglect, emotional abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse. [16]