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Learn about the different types of optical prisms, such as dispersive, reflective, beam-splitting and polarizing prisms, and how they refract, reflect or split light. Find out how prisms are made of transparent materials like glass, acrylic or fluorite, and how they can create spectra, images or polarizations.
Optical glass is a type of glass suitable for optical systems such as lenses, prisms or mirrors. It contains additives to modify its optical or mechanical properties, such as refractive index, dispersion, transmittance and thermal expansion.
Dispersion is the phenomenon of wave velocity depending on frequency, causing different colors to refract at different angles. Anomalous dispersion occurs when the refractive index increases with wavelength, such as in the ultraviolet region, while normal dispersion occurs when it decreases with wavelength, such as in visible light.
A dispersive prism is an optical device that uses refraction to split white light into its spectral components (the colors of the rainbow). Learn about the principle, types, history and applications of dispersive prisms, and how they differ from diffraction gratings and mirrors.
Common optical phenomena are often due to the interaction of light from the Sun or Moon with the atmosphere, clouds, water, dust, and other particulates. One common example is the rainbow , when light from the Sun is reflected and refracted by water droplets.
While the doublet prism is the simplest compound prism type, the double-Amici prism is much more common. This prism is a three-element system (a triplet), in which the first and third elements share both the same glass and the same apex angles. The design layout is thus symmetric about the plane passing through the center of its second element.
Therefore, the glass transition is primarily a dynamic phenomenon. Time and temperature are interchangeable quantities (to some extent) when dealing with glasses, a fact often expressed in the time–temperature superposition principle. On cooling a liquid, internal degrees of freedom successively fall out of equilibrium. However, there is a ...
A polarizer is an optical filter that lets light waves of a specific polarization pass through while blocking light waves of other polarizations. Learn about linear polarizers, circular polarizers, absorptive polarizers, beam-splitting polarizers and polarization by Fresnel reflection.