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Chalcopyrite (/ ˌkælkəˈpaɪˌraɪt, - koʊ -/ [7][8] KAL-kə-PY-ryte, -koh-) is a copper iron sulfide mineral and the most abundant copper ore mineral. It has the chemical formula CuFeS 2 and crystallizes in the tetragonal system. It has a brassy to golden yellow color and a hardness of 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale.
CIGS is a tetrahedrally bonded semiconductor, with the chalcopyrite crystal structure, and a bandgap varying continuously with x from about 1.0 eV (for copper indium selenide) to about 1.7 eV (for copper gallium selenide).
This structure is a member of the hextetrahedral crystal class (space group F 4 3m). In the crystal structure, both the sulfur and the zinc or iron ions occupy the points of a face-centered cubic lattice, with the two lattices displaced from each other such that the zinc and iron are tetrahedrally coordinated to the sulfur ions, and vice versa ...
Bornite with silver from Zacatecas, Mexico (size: 7.5 × 4.3 × 3.4 cm) It occurs globally in copper ores with notable crystal localities in Butte, Montana and at Bristol, Connecticut in the U.S. It is also collected from the Carn Brea mine, Illogan, and elsewhere in Cornwall, England. Large crystals are found from the Frossnitz Alps, eastern ...
It is a tetrahedrally bonded semiconductor, with the chalcopyrite crystal structure. The bandgap varies continuously with x from about 1.0 eV (for copper indium selenide) to about 1.7 eV (for copper gallium selenide). [6] Figure 1: Structure of a CIGS device. CdS is used optionally and some CIGS cells contain no cadmium at all. [7]
Covellite (gray) replacing and embaying chalcopyrite (light), polished section from Horn Silver Mine, San Francisco Mining District, Utah. Enlarged to 210 diameters. Enlarged to 210 diameters. Covellite (also known as covelline ) is a rare copper sulfide mineral with the formula CuS. [ 4 ]
Chalcocite crystals from the Mammoth Mine, Mount Isa – Cloncurry area, Queensland, Australia (size: 3.0 x 2.9 x 2.4 cm) Since chalcocite is a secondary mineral that forms from the alteration of other minerals, it has been known to form pseudomorphs of many different minerals. A pseudomorph is a mineral that has replaced another mineral atom ...
CZTS is similar to the chalcopyrite structure of CIGS but uses only earth-abundant elements. Raw materials are about five times cheaper than those for CIGS, and estimates of global material reserves (for Cu, Sn, Zn and S) suggest we could produce enough energy to power the world with only 0.1% of the available raw material resources. [ 15 ]