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In chemistry and physics, the dimensionless mixing ratio is the abundance of one component of a mixture relative to that of all other components. The term can refer either to mole ratio (see concentration ) or mass ratio (see stoichiometry ).
Mass fraction can also be expressed, with a denominator of 100, as percentage by mass (in commercial contexts often called percentage by weight, abbreviated wt.% or % w/w; see mass versus weight). It is one way of expressing the composition of a mixture in a dimensionless size ; mole fraction (percentage by moles , mol%) and volume fraction ...
The fraction on the left-hand side of this equation is the rocket's mass ratio by definition. This equation indicates that a Δv of times the exhaust velocity requires a mass ratio of . For instance, for a vehicle to achieve a of 2.5 times its exhaust velocity would require a mass ratio of (approximately 12.2).
The ratio of the mass–action ratio to the equilibrium constant is often called the disequilibrium ratio, denoted by the symbol . ρ = Γ K e q {\displaystyle \rho ={\frac {\Gamma }{K_{eq}}}} and is a useful measure for indicating how far from equilibrium a given reaction is.
In chemistry, the lever rule is a formula used to determine the mole fraction (x i) or the mass fraction (w i) of each phase of a binary equilibrium phase diagram.It can be used to determine the fraction of liquid and solid phases for a given binary composition and temperature that is between the liquidus and solidus line.
The ideal gas equation can be rearranged to give an expression for the molar volume of an ideal gas: = = Hence, for a given temperature and pressure, the molar volume is the same for all ideal gases and is based on the gas constant: R = 8.314 462 618 153 24 m 3 ⋅Pa⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1, or about 8.205 736 608 095 96 × 10 −5 m 3 ⋅atm⋅K ...
In chemistry, the molar mass (M) (sometimes called molecular weight or formula weight, but see related quantities for usage) of a chemical compound is defined as the ratio between the mass and the amount of substance (measured in moles) of any sample of the compound. [1] The molar mass is a bulk, not molecular, property of a substance.
Mass fraction (chemistry), it is the ratio of mass of a constituent to the total mass of the mixture Fuel mass fraction; Propellant mass fraction (aerospace), the amount of mass left behind such as the stages of rockets; Payload fraction (aerospace), the ratio of the mass to be transported compared to the total mass of the vehicle, including fuel