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2. Existential theory of the reals - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/.../Existential_theory_of_the_reals

   That is, every problem in the existential theory of the reals has a polynomial-time many-one reduction to an instance of one of these problems, and in turn these problems are reducible to the existential theory of the reals. [4] [17] A number of problems of this type concern the recognition of intersection graphs of a certain type.

3. List of unsolved problems in mathematics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

   Many mathematical problems have been stated but not yet solved. These problems come from many areas of mathematics, such as theoretical physics, computer science, algebra, analysis, combinatorics, algebraic, differential, discrete and Euclidean geometries, graph theory, group theory, model theory, number theory, set theory, Ramsey theory, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations.

4. Millennium Prize Problems - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millennium_Prize_Problems

   The seven selected problems span a number of mathematical fields, namely algebraic geometry, arithmetic geometry, geometric topology, mathematical physics, number theory, partial differential equations, and theoretical computer science. Unlike Hilbert's problems, the problems selected by the Clay Institute were already renowned among ...

5. Constraint (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constraint_(mathematics)

   If an inequality constraint holds as a strict inequality at the optimal point (that is, does not hold with equality), the constraint is said to be non-binding, as the point could be varied in the direction of the constraint, although it would not be optimal to do so. Under certain conditions, as for example in convex optimization, if a ...

6. Isoperimetric inequality - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoperimetric_inequality

   The isoperimetric inequality states that a sphere has the smallest surface area per given volume. Given a bounded open set S ⊂ R n {\displaystyle S\subset \mathbb {R} ^{n}} with C 1 {\displaystyle C^{1}} boundary, having surface area per ⁡ ( S ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {per} (S)} and volume vol ⁡ ( S ) {\displaystyle \operatorname ...

7. List of inequalities - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_inequalities

   1.3 Differential equations. 1.4 Geometry. 1.5 Information theory. ... Correlation inequality – any of several inequalities; FKG inequality ... This page was last ...