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[14] 182,159 people were sponsored by the IRO from the end of World War II up to the end of 1954 to resettle in Australia from Europe. Over the next twenty years, patterns of immigration continued to change. The government encouraged more people to come to Australia and many more assisted agreements were made with countries.
South Australia was founded as a "free province"—it was never a penal colony. [33] Victoria and Western Australia were also founded "free", but later accepted transported convicts. [34] [35] A campaign by the settlers of New South Wales led to the end of convict transportation to that colony; the last convict ship arrived in 1848. [36]
[80] [81] This is supported by a date of 50,000–60,000 years ago for the oldest evidence of settlement in Australia, [69] [82] around 40,000 years ago for the oldest human remains, [69] the earliest humans artifacts which are at least 65,000 years old [83] and the extinction of the Australian megafauna by humans between 46,000 and 15,000 ...
The prehistory of Australia is the period between the first human habitation of the Australian continent and the colonisation of Australia in 1788, which marks the start of consistent written documentation of Australia. This period has been variously estimated, with most evidence suggesting that it goes back between 50,000 and 65,000 years.
Later, he and a companion became the first Aboriginal people to sail for Europe, when, in 1792 they accompanied Governor Phillip to England and were presented to King George III. [128] Bungaree , a Kuringgai man, joined Matthew Flinders in his circumnavigation of Australia from 1801 to 1803, playing an important role as emissary to the various ...
The eleven ships arrived at Botany Bay over the three-day period of 18 - 20 January 1788. It soon became clear that the bay would not be suitable for the establishment of a colony due to "the openness of this bay, and the dampness of the soil, by which the people would probably be rendered unhealthy".
Beginning in 1901, Australia maintained the White Australia policy for much of the 20th century, which forbid the entrance in Australia of people of non-European ethnic origins. Following World War II, the policy was gradually relaxed, and was abolished entirely in 1973. Since 1945, more than 7 million people have settled in Australia.
By the turn of the 20th century, most of the major geographical features of Australia had been discovered by European explorers. However, there are some 20th-century people who are considered explorers. They include: Ted Colson (First to cross the Simpson Desert in 1936.) [37]