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  2. Plasticine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticine

    Harbutt wanted a non-drying clay for his sculpture students. He created a non-toxic, sterile, soft and malleable clay that did not dry when exposed to air. Harbutt received a patent in 1899 and commercial production started at a factory in Bathampton in 1900. The original Plasticine was grey, but four colours were produced for initial sales to ...

  3. Clay mineral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_mineral

    Hexagonal sheets of the clay mineral kaolinite (SEM image, 1,340× magnification) Clay is a very fine-grained geologic material that develops plasticity when wet, but becomes hard, brittle and non–plastic upon drying or firing. [2] [3] [4] It is a very common material, [5] and is the oldest known ceramic.

  4. Modelling clay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modelling_clay

    Paper clay is handmade or commercially available clay to which a small percentage of processed cellulose fiber is added. The fiber increases the tensile strength of the dry clay and enables dry-to-dry and wet-to-dry joins. Commercial paper clays air-dry to a firm, lightweight sculpture, with minimal shrinking during the drying process. [4]

  5. Clay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay

    Gay Head Cliffs in Martha's Vineyard consist almost entirely of clay. A Quaternary clay deposit in Estonia, laid down about 400,000 years ago. Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals [1] (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolinite, Al 2 Si 2 O 5 4).

  6. Grog (clay) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grog_(clay)

    Adding grog to clay serves two primary functions: 1) It helps prevent cracking of the clay when the ceramic piece is being worked and when it dries, by reducing its plasticity; 2) it protects the ceramic piece from thermal shock while firing, particularly, at the sudden rise or lowering of temperature, and which, if not added, can cause breakage.

  7. Terracotta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terracotta

    The Satavahanas used two different moulds- one for the front and the other for the back and kept a piece of clay in each mould and joined them together, making some artefacts hollow from within. Some Satavahana terracotta artefacts also seem to have a thin strip of clay joining the two moulds. This technique may have been imported from the ...

  8. Desiccation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiccation

    Desiccation is the state of extreme dryness, or the process of extreme drying. A desiccant is a hygroscopic (attracts and holds water) substance that induces or sustains such a state in its local vicinity in a moderately sealed container. The word desiccation comes from Latin de- 'thoroughly' and siccare 'to dry'.

  9. Lute (material) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lute_(material)

    Lute (from Latin Lutum, meaning mud, clay etc.) [1] was a substance used to seal and affix apparatus employed in chemistry and alchemy, and to protect component vessels against heat damage by fire; it was also used to line furnaces. Lutation was thus the act of "cementing vessels with lute".

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