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In the fields of optometry and ophthalmology, the Hirschberg test, also Hirschberg corneal reflex test, is a screening test that can be used to assess whether a person has strabismus (ocular misalignment). A photographic version of the Hirschberg test is used to quantify strabismus. [1]
The corneal reflex, also known as the blink reflex or eyelid reflex, [1] is an involuntary blinking of the eyelids elicited by stimulation of the cornea (such as by touching or by a foreign body), though it could result from any peripheral stimulus. Stimulation should elicit both a direct and consensual response (response of the opposite eye).
Light from a single point of a distant object and light from a single point of a near object being brought to a focus. The accommodation reflex (or accommodation-convergence reflex) is a reflex action of the eye, in response to focusing on a near object, then looking at a distant object (and vice versa), comprising coordinated changes in vergence, lens shape (accommodation) and pupil size.
Corneal reflex is conducted along with the facial nerve section of the test. Note the sensory innervation of the cornea is provided by the trigeminal nerve while the motor innervation for blinking the eye is provided by the facial nerve.-Muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter) should be inspected for atrophy. Palpate the temporalis and ...
An eye examination, commonly known as an eye test, [1] is a series of tests performed to assess vision and ability to focus on and discern objects. [2] It also includes other tests and examinations of the eyes . [ 2 ]
The blink reflex [ edit ] When a US is delivered to the cornea of the eye, sensory information is carried to the trigeminal nucleus and relayed both directly and indirectly (via reticular formation ) to the accessory abducens and abducens motor nuclei (see Cranial nerve nucleus ).
This is traditionally done with a small ruler referred to as a "PD stick", but nowadays it is more likely done using a corneal reflex based instrument placed on the nose bridge and work by sighting the corneal reflection produced by an internally-mounted coaxial light source (e.g. Essilor Corneal Reflection Pupillometer [10]).
Accommodation usually acts like a reflex, including part of the accommodation-convergence reflex, but it can also be consciously controlled. The main ways animals may change focus are: Changing the shape of the lens. Changing the position of the lens relative to the retina. Changing the axial length of the eyeball. Changing the shape of the cornea.