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In linguistics, agreement or concord (abbreviated agr) occurs when a word changes form depending on the other words to which it relates. [1] It is an instance of inflection, and usually involves making the value of some grammatical category (such as gender or person) "agree" between varied words or parts of the sentence.
The class 9 concord is e-and class 1(a) has an irregular concord ya-(which appears as a-in non-standard speech) suggesting an inherent close-mid front /ɪ/ vowel. This is one instance of the high toneme appearing as the extra-high allotone without immediately following another high tone (see Sesotho tonology ).
Verbs and qualificatives used to describe a noun are brought into agreement with that noun by using the appropriate concords. There are seven basic types of concords in Sesotho. In addition, there are two immutable prefixes used with verbs that function similarly to concords. [bɑt͡ɬʼa'ɪʀɑlɑ] Ba tla e rala ('they shall design it')
Rule 4: To form participials of copulatives from substantives with a 3rd. person or noun class subject, the indefinite concord e-is prefixed to the verb -le. The negative uses the irregular negative -se of the verb. ha e le moetapela ('if she is the leader') [hɑɪlɪmʊ'ɛtʼɑpʼɪlɪ]
When a noun is used as the subject or object, then the concord must match its class. To refer to someone in the third-person, without a noun, classes 1 and 2 are used. The subject concord must always be present, except in the infinitive and imperative forms. The object concord is always optional, even when an explicit object follows the verb.
When a noun is used as the subject or object, then the concord must match its class. Animate nouns (referring to a person or animal) are an exception and these occur with concords of the noun classes 1 (singular) or 2 (plural). The subject concord must always be present, except in the infinitive, habitual and imperative forms.
Məʃarɑn wruɳa Məʃarɑn wruɳa 'Elder brothers' Class 2 Class 2 adjectives can end in either a consonant or a stressed schwa. Except for the masculine singular ablative and vocative suffixes, the suffixes of Class II are inherently stressed. These stressed suffixes are the chief difference between Class 1 and Class 2, although there are a few differences in suffix shape as well. Whether a ...
Verbs may also be affected by agreement, polypersonal agreement, incorporation, noun class, noun classifiers, and verb classifiers. [4] Agglutinative and polysynthetic languages tend to have the most complex conjugations, although some fusional languages such as Archi can also have extremely complex conjugation.