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In the late Old Latin period, the last element of the diphthongs was lowered to [e], [44] so that the diphthongs were pronounced [äe̯] and [oe̯] in Classical Latin. They were then monophthongized to [ɛː] and [eː] respectively, starting in rural areas at the end of the Republican period.
Classical Latin diphthongs are ae, au, and oe. Diphthongs from Greek can include oi, eu, ei, and ou, and ui also occasionally occurs in botanical Latin. Syllables end in vowels, unless there are multiple consonants, in which case the consonants are divided between the two syllables, with certain consonants being treated as pairs.
if the vowel is long or a diphthong in Latin, or in the Latin transliteration of Greek: ā, cā, scā, scrā (a long vowel) or æ, cæ, scæ, scræ (a diphthong). Latin diphthongs may be written æ or ae , œ or oe . Long vowels are written with a macron: ā ē ī ō ū ȳ, though this is a modern convention. Greek long vowels are ει, η ...
The regional diversification of Latin. Cambridge University Press. Adams, James Noel (2013). Social variation and the Latin language. Cambridge University Press. Allen, William Sidney (1965). Vox Latina: A guide to the pronunciation of Classical Latin. Cambridge University Press. Chambon, Jean-Pierre (2013).
äu is used in German for the diphthong /ɔɪ/ in declension of native words with au ; elsewhere, /ɔɪ/ is written as eu . In words, mostly of Latin origin, where ä and u are separated by a syllable boundary, it represents /ɛ.ʊ/, e.g. Matthäus (a German form for Matthew).
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Latin on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Latin in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
There has also been debate over whether ui is truly a diphthong in Classical Latin, due to its rarity, absence in works of Roman grammarians, and the roots of Classical Latin words (i.e. hui ce to huic, quoi to cui, etc.) not matching or being similar to the pronunciation of classical words if ui were to be considered a diphthong. [73]
In Classical Latin, the combination AE denotes the diphthong, which had a value similar to the long i in fine as pronounced in most dialects of Modern English. [6] Both classical and present practice is to write the letters separately, but the ligature was used in medieval and early modern writings, in part because æ was reduced to the simple ...
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