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  2. Patterns in nature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patterns_in_nature

    Patterns in nature are visible regularities of form found in the natural world. These patterns recur in different contexts and can sometimes be modelled mathematically . Natural patterns include symmetries , trees , spirals , meanders , waves , foams , tessellations , cracks and stripes. [ 1 ]

  3. Fractal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractal

    The recursive nature of some patterns is obvious in certain examples—a branch from a tree or a frond from a fern is a miniature replica of the whole: not identical, but similar in nature. Similarly, random fractals have been used to describe/create many highly irregular real-world objects, such as coastlines and mountains.

  4. Circular definition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular_definition

    The circular definition "object: a thing" → "thing: an entity" → "entity: an object" has a depth of three. "Four legs" is a simple example of differentia specifica. The classic "genus-difference" dictionary definition is in terms of nearest kind (genus proximum) and specific differences (differentia specifica). This genus-difference ...

  5. Circle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle

    The circular arc is said to subtend the angle, known as the central angle, at the centre of the circle. The angle subtended by a complete circle at its centre is a complete angle , which measures 2 π radians, 360 degrees , or one turn .

  6. Glossary of geography terms (A–M) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_geography_terms...

    3. A small, often approximately circular, wave-cut indentation or recess in a cliff on a large body of water, especially one with a relatively narrow or secluded entrance. 4. A shallow tidal river, or the backwater near the mouth of a tidal river. crater Any large, roughly circular depression, pit, or hole in the

  7. Rainbow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow

    In the right circumstances, a glory and a (circular) rainbow or fog bow can occur together. Another atmospheric phenomenon that may be mistaken for a "circular rainbow" is the 22° halo, which is caused by ice crystals rather than liquid water droplets, and is located around the Sun (or Moon), not opposite it.

  8. Spiral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral

    The second definition includes two kinds of 3-dimensional relatives of spirals: A conical or volute spring (including the spring used to hold and make contact with the negative terminals of AA or AAA batteries in a battery box ), and the vortex that is created when water is draining in a sink is often described as a spiral, or as a conical helix .

  9. Vortex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex

    Vortices can otherwise be known as a circular motion of a liquid. In the cases of the absence of forces, the liquid settles. This makes the water stay still instead of moving. When they are created, vortices can move, stretch, twist and interact in complicated ways. When a vortex is moving, sometimes, it can affect an angular position.