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The United States federal civil service is the civilian workforce (i.e., non-elected and non-military public sector employees) of the United States federal government's departments and agencies. The federal civil service was established in 1871 ( 5 U.S.C. § 2101 ). [ 1 ]
A civil service official, also known as a public servant or public employee, is a person employed in the public sector by a government department or agency for public sector undertakings. Civil servants work for central and local governments, and answer to the government, not a political party.
In the United States, government employees includes the U.S. federal civil service, employees of the state governments, and employees of local governments. [ citation needed ] Government employees are not necessarily the same as civil servants, as some jurisdictions specifically define which employees are civil servants; for example, it often ...
Tbilisi Public Service Hall Building, Tbilisi, Georgia A public service or service of general (economic) interest is any service intended to address specific needs pertaining to the aggregate members of a community, [1] [2] whether provided directly by a public sector agency, via public financing available to private businesses or voluntary organisations, or provided by private businesses ...
Van Riper, Paul P. History of the United States Civil Service (1958). Weber J., "Leonard Dupee White and Public Administration", Journal of Management History, Volume 2, Number 2, February 1996, pp. 41–64; White, Leonard D. The Federalists: a Study in Administrative History, 1956. White, Leonard D.
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This highlighted how much the patronage problem had gotten out of control, and shifted public opinion against the patronage system. [citation needed] Congress was eventually spurred to pass the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883, which created a Civil Service Commission and advocated a merit system for selecting government employees. [20]
The importance of the merit system in a workplace is to provide good quality work to the public. When merit is truly assessed in the process of hiring or promoting personnel, an honest, effective, and productive workplace is created. [8] Employees build organizations and the service they provide to customers allows the organization to be ...