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The Nobel Prizes (/ n oʊ ˈ b ɛ l / noh-BEL; Swedish: Nobelpriset [nʊˈbɛ̂lːˌpriːsɛt]; Norwegian: Nobelprisen [nʊˈbɛ̀lːˌpriːsn̩]) are five separate prizes awarded to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind, as established by the 1895 will of Swedish chemist, engineer, and industrialist Alfred Nobel, in the year before he died.
Among the 892 Nobel laureates, 48 have been women; the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize was Marie Curie, who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903. [12] She was also the first person (male or female) to be awarded two Nobel Prizes, the second award being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, given in 1911. [11]
The 1965 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the United Nations agency United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) (founded in 1946) "for its effort to enhance solidarity between nations and reduce the difference between rich and poor states." [1] [2] [3] The agency became the eighth organization awarded with a Nobel Prize. [4] [3]
The Nobel Prize is one of the most prestigious awards in the world, honoring groundbreaking achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and efforts for peace. Over the years, it has ...
He is also a former chess prodigy and won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. ... He founded DeepMind in 2010, ... Dating back more than 3,000 years, Go is a two-player board game that appears to be ...
The prizes have been awarded with a few interruptions since 1901, though the Nobel economics honour is a later addition in memory of the Swedish businessman and philanthropist, who had made a ...
Linus Pauling, the Nobel Peace Prize laureate in 1962, is the only person to have been awarded two unshared Nobel Prizes; he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954. [6] At 17 years of age, Malala Yousafzai, the 2014 recipient, is the youngest to be awarded the Peace Prize. [6]
Ig Nobel Prize (1991), a satiric prize to celebrate ten unusual or trivial achievements in scientific research every year [346] Right Livelihood Award (1980), which recognizes contributions to solving global problems, oftentimes called "Alternative Nobel Prize" and understood as a critique of the traditional Nobel prizes [347] [348] [349]