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In object-oriented programming, a class defines the shared aspects of objects created from the class. The capabilities of a class differ between programming languages , but generally the shared aspects consist of state ( variables ) and behavior ( methods ) that are each either associated with a particular object or with all objects of that class.
Many of the most widely used programming languages (such as C++, Java, [4] and Python) are multi-paradigm and support object-oriented programming to a greater or lesser degree, typically in combination with imperative programming, procedural programming and functional programming.
Python supports most object oriented programming (OOP) techniques. It allows polymorphism, not only within a class hierarchy but also by duck typing. Any object can be used for any type, and it will work so long as it has the proper methods and attributes. And everything in Python is an object, including classes, functions, numbers and modules.
Python is a multi-paradigm programming language. Object-oriented programming and structured programming are fully supported, and many of their features support functional programming and aspect-oriented programming (including metaprogramming [71] and metaobjects). [72]
A language that supports creating an object from a class is classified as class-based. A language that supports object creation via a template object is classified as prototype-based. The concept of object is used in many different software contexts, including: Possibly the most common use is in-memory objects in a computer program written in ...
An object must be explicitly created based on a class and an object thus created is considered to be an instance of that class. An object is similar to a structure, with the addition of method pointers, member access control, and an implicit data member which locates instances of the class (i.e., objects of the class) in the class hierarchy ...
this, self, and Me are keywords used in some computer programming languages to refer to the object, class, or other entity which the currently running code is a part of. The entity referred to thus depends on the execution context (such as which object has its method called). Different programming languages use these keywords in slightly ...
/*Ruby has three member variable types: class, class instance, and instance. */ class Dog # The class variable is defined within the class body with two at-signs # and describes data about all Dogs *and* their derived Dog breeds (if any) @@sniffs = true end mutt = Dog. new mutt. class. sniffs #=> true class Poodle < Dog # The "class instance variable" is defined within the class body with a ...