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Temasek (also spelt Temasik or Tumasik) is an early recorded name of a settlement on the site of modern Singapore.The name appears in early Malay and Javanese literature, and it is also recorded in Yuan and Ming Chinese documents as Danmaxi (Chinese: 單馬錫; pinyin: Dānmǎxī; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tan-má-sek or Chinese: 淡馬錫; pinyin: Dànmǎxī; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tām-má-sek).
The English name Singapore comes from the Malay name Singapura which is believed to have been derived from Sanskrit meaning "Lion City". [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Singa comes from the Sanskrit word siṃha ( सिंह ), which means "lion", and pūra ( पुर ) means "city" in Sanskrit and is a common suffix in many Indian place names. [ 4 ]
Early Singapore was called "Temasek", possibly a word deriving from "tasik" (Malay for lake or sea) and taken to mean Sea-town in Malay. [11] The Nagarakretagama, a Javanese eulogy written in 1365, listed a settlement on the island called Tumasik as a vassal of the Majapahit. [12]
The name Temasek is also given in Sejarah Melayu (Malay Annals), which contains a tale of the founding of Temasek by a prince of Palembang, Sri Tri Buana (also known as Sang Nila Utama) in the 13th century. [13]: 37 Sri Tri Buana landed on Temasek on a hunting trip, and saw a strange beast said to be a lion. The prince took this as an ...
The name of the house, Sri Temasek, means "splendour of Temasek" in Malay.The Malay word seri or sri means "charm; quintessence; splendour; glory" [2] or a "cynosure" [3] (something that attracts attention by its brilliancy or beauty; a centre of attraction, interest, or admiration) [4] Temasek, which means "sea town" in Javanese, was the name of an early city on the site of modern Singapore.
In this era, Temasek was a small trading outpost and primarily inhabited by Orang Laut seafarers. Historically, these Orang Laut were very loyal to the Malay kings, patrolling adjacent seas and repelling other petty pirates, directing traders to their Malay overlords' ports and maintaining those ports' dominance in the area. [32]
Sang Nila Utama was a Prince of Palembang, born to King Sang Sapurba, supposed descendant of Alexander the Great and a Bactrian princess, through his interpretation in Islamic legend as Iskandar Zulkarnain and the pseudo-mythical ancestor to many monarchs and chiefs of the Malay world.
Long Ya Men (simplified Chinese: 龙牙门; traditional Chinese: 龍牙門; pinyin: lóngyámén; Malay: Batu Berlayar) or Dragon's Teeth Gate, is the name Chinese explorer Wang Dayuan recorded for Batu Belayar, a craggy granite outcrop that formerly stood at the gateway to Keppel Harbour in Singapore.