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The basal bird Archaeopteryx, from the Jurassic, is well known as one of the first "missing links" to be found in support of evolution in the late 19th century. Though it is not considered a direct ancestor of modern birds, it gives a fair representation of how flight evolved and how the very first bird might have looked.
A turning point came in the early twentieth century with the writings of Gerhard Heilmann of Denmark.An artist by trade, Heilmann had a scholarly interest in birds and from 1913 to 1916, expanding on earlier work by Othenio Abel, [12] published the results of his research in several parts, dealing with the anatomy, embryology, behavior, paleontology, and evolution of birds. [13]
Modern birds would have expanded from West Gondwana through two routes. One route was an Antarctic interchange in the Paleogene. The other route was probably via Paleocene land bridges between South America and North America, which allowed for the rapid expansion and diversification of Neornithes into the Holarctic and Paleotropics. [7]
A 2018 study suggests that confuciusornithids could not have incubated their eggs like modern birds do. [12] Other paravians (including Deinonychus ) and pterosaurs are known to be superprecocial and able to fly soon after birth, [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ] but for now there are no unambiguous confuciusornithid juveniles to attest this.
Charles Gald Sibley (August 7, 1917 – April 12, 1998) was an American ornithologist and molecular biologist.He had an immense influence on the scientific classification of birds, and the work that Sibley initiated has substantially altered our understanding of the evolutionary history of modern birds.
Birds (and their more reptilian cousins, the Crocodilia) are the modern-day legacy of dinosaur’s 165-million-year-long stint on Earth. While our avian friends’ Mesozoic origin story isn’t up ...
The use of field glasses or telescopes for bird observation began in the 1820s and 1830s, with pioneers such as J. Dovaston (who also pioneered in the use of bird feeders), but instruction manuals did not begin to insist on the use of optical aids such as "a first-class telescope" or "field glass" until the 1880s.
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