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Molecular diagnostics is a collection of techniques used to analyze biological markers in the genome and proteome, and how their cells express their genes as proteins, applying molecular biology to medical testing.
Molecular pathology is an emerging discipline within pathology which is focused in the study and diagnosis of disease through the examination of molecules within organs, tissues or bodily fluids. [1] Molecular pathology shares some aspects of practice with both anatomic pathology and clinical pathology, molecular biology , biochemistry ...
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) primers [1] Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) product [1]. In LAMP, the target sequence is amplified at a constant temperature of 60–65 °C (140–149 °F) using either two or three sets of primers and a polymerase like Bst Klenow fragment with high strand displacement activity in addition to a replication activity.
Molecular techniques are the most specific and sensitive diagnostic tests. [6] They are capable of detecting either the whole viral genome or parts of the viral genome. In the past nucleic acid tests have mainly been used as a secondary test to confirm positive serological results. [3]
ELISA has been used as a diagnostic tool in medicine, plant pathology, and biotechnology, as well as a quality control check in various industries. In the most simple form of an ELISA, antigens from the sample to be tested are attached to a surface. Then, a matching antibody is applied over the surface so it can bind the antigen. This antibody ...
This technology is still in a developmental stage but, like other lab on a chip methods, it may lead to more portable diagnostic techniques. [28] [29] General process of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) used for bacterial pathogen identification. First, an infected tissue sample is taken from the patient.
Molecular medicine is a broad field, where physical, chemical, biological, bioinformatics and medical techniques are used to describe molecular structures and mechanisms, identify fundamental molecular and genetic errors of disease, and to develop molecular interventions to correct them. [1]
It detects copy number changes at the molecular level, and software programs are used for analysis. Identification of deletions or duplications can indicate pathogenic mutations, thus MLPA is an important diagnostic tool used in clinical pathology laboratories worldwide.