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Lattice models in biophysics represent a class of statistical-mechanical models which consider a biological macromacromolecule (such as DNA, protein, actin, etc.) as a lattice of units, each unit being in different states or conformations.
A primitive cell is a unit cell that contains exactly one lattice point. For unit cells generally, lattice points that are shared by n cells are counted as 1 / n of the lattice points contained in each of those cells; so for example a primitive unit cell in three dimensions which has lattice points only at its eight vertices is considered to contain 1 / 8 of each of them. [3]
DNA nanotube, a two-dimensional lattice which curves back upon itself, [8] somewhat similar in size and shape to a carbon nanotube; Gallium nitride nanotube, a nanotube of gallium nitride [9] Silicon nanotube, made of silicon atoms [10] Non-carbon nanotube, especially tungsten(IV) sulfide nanotubes [11]
Vectors and planes in a crystal lattice are described by the three-value Miller index notation. This syntax uses the indices h, k, and ℓ as directional parameters. [4] By definition, the syntax (hkℓ) denotes a plane that intercepts the three points a 1 /h, a 2 /k, and a 3 /ℓ, or some multiple thereof. That is, the Miller indices are ...
Lattice proteins are highly simplified models of protein-like heteropolymer chains on lattice conformational space which are used to investigate protein folding. [1] Simplification in lattice proteins is twofold: each whole residue ( amino acid ) is modeled as a single "bead" or "point" of a finite set of types (usually only two), and each ...
For example, a crystal, viewed as a lattice with a single kind of atom located at every lattice point (the simplest basis form), may also be viewed as a lattice with a basis of two atoms. In this case, a primitive unit cell is a unit cell having only one lattice point in the first way of describing the crystal in order to ensure the smallest ...
In computational and mathematical biology, a biological lattice-gas cellular automaton (BIO-LGCA) is a discrete model for moving and interacting biological agents, [1] a type of cellular automaton. The BIO-LGCA is based on the lattice-gas cellular automaton (LGCA) model used in fluid dynamics.
The conceptual foundation for DNA nanotechnology was first laid out by Nadrian Seeman in the early 1980s. [2] Seeman's original motivation was to create a three-dimensional DNA lattice for orienting other large molecules, which would simplify their crystallographic study by eliminating the difficult process of obtaining pure crystals.