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Like many original sabermetric concepts, the idea of a defensive spectrum was first introduced by Bill James in his Baseball Abstract series of books during the 1980s. [2] The basic premise of the spectrum is that positions on the right side of the spectrum are more difficult than the positions on the left side.
In baseball, to lead off, or to take a lead, refers to the position a baserunner takes just prior to a pitch, a short distance away from the base the player occupies. [2] A "lead" can also refer to that distance. [2] A typical lead is six to ten feet (two to three meters) from the base. If the lead is too large, the runner risks being picked off.
In baseball and softball, while there are nine named fielding positions, players, with the exception of the pitcher and catcher, may move around freely. The positioning for the other seven positions is very flexible, although they all have regular depths —distances from home plate , and sometimes lateral positioning.
Range Factor (commonly abbreviated RF) is a baseball statistic developed by Bill James.It is calculated by dividing putouts and assists by the number of innings or games played at a given defense position. [1]
In the sport of baseball, each of the nine players on a team is assigned a particular fielding position when it is their turn to play defense. Each position conventionally has an associated number, for use in scorekeeping by the official scorer: 1 (), 2 (), 3 (first baseman), 4 (second baseman), 5 (third baseman), 6 (), 7 (left fielder), 8 (center fielder), and 9 (right fielder). [1]
In a transmissometer the extinction coefficient is determined by measuring direct light transmissivity, and the extinction coefficient is then used to calculate visibility range. [ 2 ] Atmospheric extinction is a wavelength dependent phenomenon, but the most common wavelength in use for transmissometers is 550 nm , which is in the middle of the ...
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Proponents of the statistic advise that defense is best judged over three-year spans, as a given year contains a relatively small sample and can result in large statistical swings. [2] Former Major League Baseball shortstop David Eckstein says "a lot of defense is putting yourself in the right position to make plays."