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In American criminal law, a material witness is a person with information alleged to be material concerning a criminal proceeding. The authority to detain material witnesses dates to the First Judiciary Act of 1789, but the Bail Reform Act of 1984 most recently amended the text of the statute, and it is now codified at 18 U.S.C. § 3144.
In the United States, the Jencks Act (18 U.S.C. § 3500) requires the prosecutor to produce a verbatim statement or report made by a government witness or prospective government witness (other than the defendant), but only after the witness has testified. Jencks material is evidence that is used in the course of a federal criminal prosecution ...
Materiality is particularly important in the context of securities law, because under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, a company can be held civilly or criminally liable for false, misleading, or omitted statements of fact in proxy statements and other documents, if the fact in question is found by the court to have been material pursuant ...
Sep. 18—WILKES-BARRE — A Luzerne County judge designated a Scranton woman as a material witness under bail with restrictions to guarantee her testimony in the homicide trial of Natanihel ...
Giglio v. United States, 405 U.S. 150 (1972), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the prosecution's failure to inform the jury that a witness had been promised not to be prosecuted in exchange for his testimony was a failure to fulfill the duty to present all material evidence to the jury, and constituted a violation of due process, requiring a new trial. [1]
At common law, it is the legal principle that a witness who falsely testifies about one matter is not credible to testify about any matter. [5] While many common law jurisdictions reject categorical application of the rule, the doctrine survives in some American courts. [6]
In evidence law, physical evidence (also called real evidence or material evidence) is any material object that plays some role in the matter that gave rise to the litigation, introduced as evidence in a judicial proceeding (such as a trial) to prove a fact in issue based on the object's physical characteristics.
Authorities say they have police body camera footage, surveillance footage from within the subway car, and witness statements about the incident. Woman set on fire in the subway remains unidentified.