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The processes underlying remyelination are under investigation in the hope of finding treatments for demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis. As of 2022 the status of possible remyelination acceleration is of trials only, [2] with side effects of possible drugs one limiting issue. [3]
Natalizumab is considered highly effective in terms of relapse rate reduction and halting disability progression, however, it is considered a second-line treatment because of the risk of adverse side-effects. [36] Natalizumab halves the risk of relapsing when compared to interferons, having an overall efficacy of over 70%. [36]
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the nervous system that can lead to muscle weakness, vision loss, and paralysis. It occurs when the immune system attacks the myelin sheath that ...
Cerebrolysin has been studied for potential treatment of several neurodegenerative diseases, with only preliminary research, as of 2023. [4] No clear benefit in the treatment of acute stroke has been found, and an increased rate of spontaneous adverse effects requiring hospitalization is reported. [ 4 ]
The first S1P receptor modulator available on the market was fingolimod. Fingolimod was approved and released on the market in USA in 2010 as an anti-multiple sclerosis drug. [11] Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease where immune cells attack the neurons of the central nervous system and degrade the myelin that protect them. [12]
A repair process, called remyelination, takes place in early phases of the disease, but the oligodendrocytes are unable to completely rebuild the cell's myelin sheath. Repeated attacks lead to successively less effective remyelinations, until a scar-like plaque is built up around the damaged axons.
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