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The ordinary tribunals, in their organization, personnel and procedure, were modelled very closely on those of France.From the town judge (), who, in spite of the principle laid down in 1864, combines judicial and administrative functions, an appeal lies (as in the case of the justices of the community) to an assembly of such judges; from these again there is an appeal to the district court ...
Although the Third Section had had reason to suspect that there might be an attempt made on the Tsar's life at the Winter Palace (agents had discovered blueprints of the palace with strange markings during a search of a suspicious person's house in St. Petersburg weeks before the attempt) the Section had been unable to search the palace or to ...
The emperor had charge over Russia's administrative and external affairs, [14] and sole power to declare war, make peace and negotiate treaties, [15] as well as the supreme command of the armed forces. [16] The emperor also retained authority over the minting of money, [17] as well as the right to grant pardons and quash judicial proceedings. [18]
His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery or H.I.M. Own Chancellery (Russian: Собственная Его Императорского Величества канцелярия, Собственная Е.И.В. канцелярия) began as personal chancellery of Paul I and grew into a kind of regent's office, run by Count Arakcheyev from 1815 and until the death of Alexander I of Russia.
The Emperor's response was issued formally on 14 June 1911 in the form of a memorandum from the Minister of the Imperial Court, Baron Vladimir Frederiks: [4] The Lord Emperor has seen fit to permit marriages to persons not possessing corresponding rank of not all Members of the Imperial Family, but only of Princes and Princesses of the Blood ...
[238] [note 33] Paul was the first tsar "for many generations" to legislate in favor of serfs, and this became a blueprint for his successors; after his reign, "whereas all rulers before Paul aided in intensifying the bondage of the serfs, each one thereafter made serious efforts" to help them. [240]
The Court choristers; The Imperial band of Musicians; The Imperial Stables; The Imperial Hunt; The electrotechnical section, superintending the lighting of the palaces etc. Company of Court Grenadiers - instituted for distinguishing and rewarding meritorious soldiers. These grenadiers performed sentinel duty at certain monuments and in the ...
Paul I, Catherine's son, continued the business of his predecessor, by expanding the areas that were subject to state control. [5] Alexander I, however, reversed some of these policies and weakened the censorship. [2] [6] In the second half of the nineteenth century, under Alexander III, freedom of the press was once again significantly ...