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2. Elastics (orthodontics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastics_(Orthodontics)

   Natural rubber, used by the Incan and Mayan cultures, was the first known elastomer. Charles Goodyear developed the process of vulcanization, [4] after which the use of natural rubber increased. Henry Albert Baker is the first person known to have used elastics to correct the position of teeth. In the late 1800s he named his elastic wear the ...

3. Orthodontic spacer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthodontic_spacer

   Orthodontic separators (also known as spacers) are rubber bands or metal appliances used in orthodontics. Spacers are placed between the molars at the second orthodontic appointment before molar bands are applied. They are usually added a week before you get your braces, but can sometimes be added after. [1]

4. Orthodontic headgear - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthodontic_headgear

   The frame has a section which is positioned in front of the patient's mouth, which allows for the attachment of elastic or rubber bands directly into the mouth area. These elastics are then hooked onto the patient's braces (brackets and bands) or appliance fitted in his or her mouth.

5. Orthodontics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthodontics

   Braces are usually placed on the front side of the teeth, but they may also be placed on the side facing the tongue (called lingual braces). Brackets made out of stainless steel or porcelain are bonded to the center of the teeth using an adhesive .

6. Dental braces - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_braces

   For Clear Removable braces, an Essix retainer is used. This is similar to the original aligner; it is a clear plastic tray that is firmly fitted to the teeth and stays in place without a plate fitted to the palate. There is also a bonded retainer where a wire is permanently bonded to the lingual side of the teeth, usually the lower teeth only.

7. Crossbite - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbite

   In dentistry, crossbite is a form of malocclusion where a tooth (or teeth) has a more buccal or lingual position (that is, the tooth is either closer to the cheek or to the tongue) than its corresponding antagonist tooth in the upper or lower dental arch. In other words, crossbite is a lateral misalignment of the dental arches. [1] [2]

8. Clear aligners - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clear_aligners

   Clear-aligner treatment involves an orthodontist or dentist, or with home-based systems, the person themselves, taking a mold of the patient's teeth, which is used to create a digital tooth scan. The computerized model suggests stages between the current and desired teeth positions, and aligners are created for each stage.

9. Anchorage (orthodontics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchorage_(Orthodontics)

   Anchorage can be used from many different sources such as teeth, bone, implants or extra-orally. [2] [3] Certain factors related to the anatomy of teeth can affect the anchorage that may be used. Multi-rooted, longer-rooted, triangular shaped root teeth usually provide more anchorage than the single-rooted, short-rooted and ovoid rooted teeth.