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The theory of the firm consists of a number of economic theories that explain and predict the nature of the firm, company, or corporation, including its existence, behaviour, structure, and relationship to the market. [1] Firms are key drivers in economics, providing goods and services in return for monetary payments and rewards.
Finance also deals with the long term objective of maximizing the value of the business, while also balancing risk and profitability; this includes the interrelated questions of (1) capital investment, which businesses and projects to invest in; (2) capital structure, deciding on the mix of funding to be used; and (3) dividend policy, what to ...
The degree of market power firms assert in different markets are relative to the market structure that the firms operate in. There are four main forms of market structures that are observed: perfect competition , monopolistic competition , oligopoly , and monopoly . [ 11 ]
Firms have partial control over the price as they are not price takers (due to differentiated products) or Price Makers (as there are many buyers and sellers). [5] Oligopoly refers to a market structure where only a small number of firms operate together control the majority of the market share. Firms are neither price takers or makers.
[1] [2] Capital structure is an important issue in setting rates charged to customers by regulated utilities in the United States. The utility company has the right to choose any capital structure it deems appropriate, but regulators determine an appropriate capital structure and cost of capital for ratemaking purposes. [3]
Managerial economics aims to provide the tools and techniques to make informed decisions to maximize the profits and minimize the losses of a firm. [4] Managerial economics has use in many different business applications, although the most common focus areas are related to the risk, pricing, production and capital decisions a manager makes. [31]
The knowledge-based theory of the firm, or knowledge-based view (KBV), considers knowledge as an essentially important, scarce, and valuable resource in a firm. [1] [2] According to the knowledge-based theory of the firm, the possession of knowledge-based resources, known as intellectual capital, is essential in dynamic business environments. [3]
Market dominance is the control of a economic market by a firm. [1] A dominant firm possesses the power to affect competition [2] and influence market price. [3] A firms' dominance is a measure of the power of a brand, product, service, or firm, relative to competitive offerings, whereby a dominant firm can behave independent of their competitors or consumers, [4] and without concern for ...