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Believed to be either 0.3–340 kt [3] or 0.3–400 kt [4] in the weapon's various mods. The B61 nuclear bomb is the primary thermonuclear gravity bomb in the United States Enduring Stockpile following the end of the Cold War. It is a low-to-intermediate yield strategic and tactical nuclear weapon featuring a two-stage radiation implosion design.
In mathematics, a subset R of the integers is called a reduced residue system modulo n if: gcd (r, n) = 1 for each r in R, R contains φ (n) elements, no two elements of R are congruent modulo n. [1][2] Here φ denotes Euler's totient function. A reduced residue system modulo n can be formed from a complete residue system modulo n by removing ...
Modular forms modulo. p. In mathematics, modular forms are particular complex analytic functions on the upper half-plane of interest in complex analysis and number theory. When reduced modulo a prime p, there is an analogous theory to the classical theory of complex modular forms and the p -adic theory of modular forms .
Adding 4 hours to 9 o'clock gives 1 o'clock, since 13 is congruent to 1 modulo 12. In mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers "wrap around" when reaching a certain value, called the modulus. The modern approach to modular arithmetic was developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss in his book Disquisitiones ...
Montgomery modular multiplication relies on a special representation of numbers called Montgomery form. The algorithm uses the Montgomery forms of a and b to efficiently compute the Montgomery form of ab mod N. The efficiency comes from avoiding expensive division operations. Classical modular multiplication reduces the double-width product ab ...
Barrett reduction. In modular arithmetic, Barrett reduction is a reduction algorithm introduced in 1986 by P.D. Barrett. [ 1] A naive way of computing. would be to use a fast division algorithm. Barrett reduction is an algorithm designed to optimize this operation assuming is constant, and , replacing divisions by multiplications.
The multiplicative order of a number a modulo n is the order of a in the multiplicative group whose elements are the residues modulo n of the numbers coprime to n, and whose group operation is multiplication modulo n. This is the group of units of the ring Zn; it has φ (n) elements, φ being Euler's totient function, and is denoted as U (n) or ...
An F-14 Tomcat descends to make an arresting gear landing on the flight deck of USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) in 2002. An arresting gear, or arrestor gear, is a mechanical system used to rapidly decelerate an aircraft as it lands. Arresting gear on aircraft carriers is an essential component of naval aviation, and it is most commonly used on ...