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Prostatic artery embolization (PAE, or prostate artery embolisation) is a non-surgical technique for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). [1]The procedure involves blocking the blood flow of small branches of the prostatic arteries using microparticles injected via a small catheter, [2] to decrease the size of the prostate gland to reduce lower urinary tract symptoms.
This procedure likely improves quality of life without additional negative side effects when compared with a sham surgery. [ 14 ] Compared with transurethral resection of the prostate , the standard surgery for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia, this procedure may be less effective in reducing urinary symptoms but may preserve ejaculation ...
External beam radiation therapy is generally given over several weeks, with daily visits to a radiation therapy center. New types of radiation therapy such as IMRT have fewer side effects than traditional treatment. However, in the short term, EBRT has been associated with acute worsening of urinary obstructive and bowel symptoms.
Most men can return to work or normal daily activities within a few days. LDR brachytherapy has fewer side-effects with less risk of incontinence or impotence than other treatment options. [7] It is a popular alternative to major surgery (conventional radical prostatectomy or laparoscopic (keyhole surgery) radical prostatectomy). [citation needed]
The treatment involves inserting a special microwave urinary catheter into the hyperplastic prostatic urethra. The microwave antenna within the catheter then emits microwaves to heat and destroy the surrounding prostatic tissue. [citation needed] The procedure can take from 30 minutes to one hour and is well tolerated by patients.
Bleeding may be reduced by pre-treatment with an anti-androgen such as finasteride [6] [7] [8] or flutamide. [citation needed] Clot retention and clot colic. The blood released from the resected prostate may become stuck in the urethra and can cause pain and urine retention. Bladder wall injury, such as perforation (rare).
The RCT from 2016 comparing prostate steam treatment to a sham procedure (a placebo) found three months after the operation with moderate certainty that this procedure may improve the quality of life for men with moderate urinary symptoms. [5] [6] Observational studies showed positive outcomes up to four years of follow-up.
This procedure likely improves quality of life without additional negative side effects when compared with a sham surgery. [3] Compared with transurethral resection of the prostate, the standard surgery for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia, this procedure may be less effective in reducing urinary symptoms but may preserve ejaculation and have fewer unwanted effects on erections.