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The largest global card payment organizations are: UnionPay, Visa, Mastercard and American Express. [ 2 ] It can also be a smart card that contains a unique card number and some security information such as an expiration date or with a magnetic strip on the back enabling various machines to read and access information. [ 3 ]
Combined Visa cards have existed since 1973 under the name Carte Bleue Internationale, changing to Carte Bleue Visa in 1976. [2] From 1992 on, all Cartes Bleues / CB have been smart cards. When using a Carte Bleue at a French merchant, the PIN of the card must be used, and a microchip on the card verifies and authenticates the transaction.
Ooredoo QSC [a] [4] (Arabic: أريد; formerly Qtel) is a Qatari multinational telecommunications company headquartered in Doha. Ooredoo provides mobile, wireless, wire line, and content services with market share in domestic and international telecommunication markets, and in business (corporations and individuals) and residential markets.
As of 2005, the network covered 99% of the population. In early-2006, Ooredoo Tunisia launched GPRS and EDGE on the Tunisian market. On 24 May 2012 the company secured licenses to deliver 3G and fixed services. [2] Tunisiana changed its name to Ooredoo Tunisia on 24 April 2014. As of 2015 the CEO of the company was Youssef Al Masri. [3]
The CB logo was initially designed in 1967 by the artist Jean-Marie Chourgnoz for the Carte Bleue group (acquired by Visa in 2010). In 1984, the Groupement des cartes bancaires was established. The CB logo, already widely recognized as it adorned the majority of bank cards (Carte Bleue being the most popular network in 1984), was then reused ...
Visa and Mastercard have also developed standards for using EMV cards in devices to support card not present transactions (CNP) over the telephone and Internet. Mastercard has the Chip Authentication Program (CAP) for secure e-commerce. Its implementation is known as EMV-CAP and supports a number of modes.
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Most banks now issue Visa or MasterCard co-branded cards, so that the card is accepted on both the CB and the Visa or Mastercard networks. In France payment cards are commonly called Carte Bleue ("blue card") regardless of their actual brand. Carte Bleue was a card brand acquired in 2010 by Visa which is not used anymore.