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  2. Bicalutamide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicalutamide

    Bicalutamide, sold under the brand name Casodex among others, is an antiandrogen medication that is primarily used to treat prostate cancer. [10] It is typically used together with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue or surgical removal of the testicles to treat metastatic prostate cancer (mPC).

  3. Hormonal therapy (oncology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormonal_therapy_(oncology)

    Because steroid hormones are powerful drivers of gene expression in certain cancer cells, changing the levels or activity of certain hormones can cause certain cancers to cease growing, or even undergo cell death. Surgical removal of endocrine organs, such as orchiectomy and oophorectomy can also be employed as a form of hormonal therapy.

  4. Medical uses of bicalutamide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_uses_of_bicalutamide

    Bicalutamide is used primarily in the treatment of early and advanced prostate cancer. [1] It is approved at a dosage of 50 mg/day as a combination therapy with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRH analogue) or orchiectomy (that is, surgical or medical castration) in the treatment of stage D2 metastatic prostate cancer (mPC), [2] [3] and as a monotherapy at a dosage of 150 mg/day ...

  5. Chemotherapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapy

    There are a few possible causes of resistance in cancer, one of which is the presence of small pumps on the surface of cancer cells that actively move chemotherapy from inside the cell to the outside. Cancer cells produce high amounts of these pumps, known as p-glycoprotein, in order to protect themselves from chemotherapeutics. Research on p ...

  6. Mucoactive agent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucoactive_agent

    An expectorant (from the Latin expectorare, to expel or banish) works by signaling the body to increase the amount or hydration of secretions, resulting in more, yet clearer, secretions and lubricating the irritated respiratory tract. [4] One mucoactive agent, guaifenesin, has anxiolytic and muscle-relaxing properties. It is commonly available ...

  7. Cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer

    Hormones are important agents in sex-related cancers, such as cancer of the breast, endometrium, prostate, ovary and testis and also of thyroid cancer and bone cancer. [94] For example, the daughters of women who have breast cancer have significantly higher levels of estrogen and progesterone than the daughters of women without breast cancer.

  8. Estrogen (medication) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen_(medication)

    [134] [135] [136] Antiestrogens are also effective in the prevention of breast cancer. [137] [138] [139] Paradoxically, high-dose estrogen therapy is effective in the treatment of breast cancer as well and has about the same degree of effectiveness as antiestrogen therapy, although it is far less commonly used due to adverse effects.

  9. Osteocalcin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteocalcin

    Osteocalcin, also known as bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (BGLAP), is a small (49-amino-acid [5]) noncollagenous protein hormone found in bone and dentin, first identified as a calcium-binding protein. [6] Because osteocalcin has gla domains, its synthesis is vitamin K2-dependent. In humans, osteocalcin is encoded by the ...

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