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[10] [7] Viral bronchitis can sometimes be treated using antiviral medications depending on the virus causing the infection, and medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs and expectorants can help mitigate the symptoms. [11] [7] Treatment of acute bronchitis with antibiotics is common but controversial as their use has only moderate benefit ...
Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized airways) in the lungs that causes coughing. Bronchitis usually begins as an infection in the nose, ears, throat, or sinuses. The infection then makes its way down to the bronchi. Symptoms include coughing up sputum, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest pain.
About a third of patients will experience a fever, but fevers due to acute bronchitis rarely rise above 100 °F (37.8 °C) or last longer than a few days. [14] As fever and other systemic symptoms are less common in acute bronchitis than in pneumonia, their presence raises suspicion for the latter, [15] [16] especially high or persistent fevers ...
Bronchiolitis obliterans results in worsening shortness of breath, wheezing, and a dry cough.The symptoms can start gradually, or severe symptoms can occur suddenly. [9] [10] These symptoms represent an obstructive pattern that is non-reversible with bronchodilator therapy, and need to be related to various lung insults. [11]
The diagnosis requires consistent symptoms with two additional signs: [citation needed] Chest X-ray or CT scan showing evidence of right middle lobe (or left lingular lobe) lung infection; Sputum culture or bronchoalveolar lavage culture demonstrating the infection is caused by MAC; Disseminated MAC is most readily diagnosed by one positive ...
Patients may watch for symptoms, such as shortness of breath, change in character or amount of mucus, and start self-treatment as discussed with a health care provider. This allows for treatment right away until a doctor can be seen. [5] The symptoms of acute exacerbations are treated using short-acting bronchodilators.
Typical infections of the upper respiratory tract include tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, certain influenza types, and the common cold. [3] Symptoms of URIs can include cough, sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, headache, low-grade fever, facial pressure, and sneezing. [4] [5]
The diagnosis is usually considered later by ruling out other life-threatening conditions or more common diagnoses such as asthma and GERD, and by seeing an improvement in symptoms with inhaled corticosteroid treatment. [2] [3] [6] [8] [9] Chest X-rays and lung function tests are usually normal. CT scans may show some diffuse airway wall ...