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The District of Columbia defines "lead-based paint" as any "paint, surface coating that contains lead equal to or exceeding 0.7 milligram per square centimeter (0.7 mg/cm2) or 0.5% by weight." [9] This is more stringent than the HUD lead-based paint standard of 1.0 mg/cm2) . Some states have adopted this or similar definitions of "lead-based ...
There are various lead abatement techniques to remove residential lead-based paint and lead in household dusts. Encapsulation and enclosure makes the hazard of lead-based paint inaccessible, while chemical stripping, removal of abrasives, scraping with the hand, and component replacement are effective in permanently removing lead-based paints from households. [5]
Lead paint has been generally phased out of use due to the toxic nature of lead. Alternatives such as water-based, lead-free traffic paint are readily available. In some countries, lead continues to be added to paint intended for domestic use, [2] whereas countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom have regulations prohibiting ...
Lead-based house paint banned by the Consumer Product Safety Commission [9] 1986 Amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act require new drinking-water waterpipes , solder , and flux to be "lead-free"; however, this is defined as less than 8% lead in pipes, and 0.2% in solder and flux. [ 10 ]
In the past, lead was added to household paint to increase its drying speed and improve the durability and life of the finish. However, Lead is toxic and is a possible carcinogen. In 1978, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission banned the residential use of lead-based paint containing ≥0.06% lead (600 ppm). [2] [3] [4]
The National Safety Council emphasizes that everyone should be aware of the potential presence of lead paint in homes built prior to 1978, and notes that…”such awareness is particularly important for those engaged in the building trades, as well as do-it-yourselfers, to learn how to perform their work in a lead-safe manner.”
In 1951, Baltimore was the first city to ban the use of lead paint in new housing, starting a move towards abating the amount of lead use in homes. Twenty-seven years later, in 1978 the Consumer Product Safety Commission laid down a nationwide ban of lead-based paint for residential use in the United States.
Low-VOC paint types include latex (water-based), acrylic, and milk paint, with most relatively easy to recycle. [1] [2] The labels of paint cans can be checked for the following information: To be considered low-VOC, the paint should contain <50 g/L of VOC. [citation needed] To be considered zero-VOC, the paint should contain <5 g/L of VOC.