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Frank Earl Birch (November 11, 1883) was a college football and basketball referee [1] who first introduced signals. [2] [3] In 1920, he passed out cards to coaches and the press with a code of twelve gestures. [4] [5] He was a graduate of Earlham College. [6] He married Margaret Johnson. [7] He was also once mayor of Sterling, Illinois. [8]
In basketball, an official (usually called a referee) enforces the rules and maintains order in the game. The title of official also applies to the scorers and timekeepers, and other personnel that have an active task in maintaining the game.
Ashley Moyer-Gleich (/ ˌ m ɔɪ ər ˈ ɡ l iː ʃ / moy-ər-GLEESH; [1] born August 5, 1987 [2]) is an American professional basketball referee in the National Basketball Association (NBA), wearing number 13. Moyer-Gleich became the fourth woman to be a full-time NBA referee. [3]
Mark Ayotte (born March 12, 1964, in Ishpeming, Michigan) is a professional basketball referee in the National Basketball Association. [1] [2] He wears the uniform number 56. He has refereed 741 regular season and three playoff games. Prior to joining the NBA, he was an official with the WNBA and the CBA. [3]
James Michael "Jake" O'Donnell (born January 25, 1937, in Philadelphia) [1] is a former sports official who worked as a National Basketball Association (NBA) referee for 28 seasons from 1967 to 1995, [2] and also as an umpire in Major League Baseball for four seasons from 1968 to 1971. [1]
JB DeRosa (born April 14, 1991) is an American professional basketball referee for the National Basketball Association (NBA), wearing number 22. As of the 2021–22 NBA season, DeRosa has officiated 256 regular-season games and 3 playoff games. He is in his sixth season as an NBA referee. DeRosa is the son of former NBA official Joe DeRosa. [1]
Strom was born December 15, 1927, in Pottstown, Pennsylvania, to Orthodox Ashkenazi Jewish immigrants from Austria-Hungary, Max and Bessie Strom. [2] Earl's father, Max, was a foreman at a bakery, and Earl grew up in the kosher household as the youngest of seven children comprising five boys and two girls. [6]
Matthew P. "Pat" Kennedy (January 28, 1908 – June 16, 1957) was an American basketball referee. A native of Hoboken, New Jersey, Kennedy officiated over 4,000 games from the 1928 to 1956. He worked for the NBA, NCAA, and Harlem Globetrotters and became well known for his intense, theatrical style of calling plays.