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The Relief and Rehabilitation Commission (RRC) is an Ethiopian government agency that was set up in Addis Ababa in the aftermath of the 1973 drought. It played a central role in bringing the 1984 - 1985 famine in Ethiopia to the public's attention, and helped to distribute international aid to the areas in need of help.
The Wollo famine was widely blamed on drought, however was mainly a result of terrible government response, an impoverished social system, and a cover-up by the government. [7] [8] A BBC News report [9] has cited a 1973 estimate that 200,000 deaths occurred, based on a contemporaneous estimate from the Ethiopian Nutrition Institute.
The 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia had a death toll of 1.2 million, leaving "400,000 refugees outside the country, 2.5 million people internally displaced, and almost 200,000 orphans." [20]: 44 [22] The majority of the dead were from Tigray and other parts of northern Ethiopia. [23] 2003 A severe drought affected 13.2 million people in 2002/2003.
The Main Ethiopian Rift is geologically active and susceptible to earthquakes. Hot springs and active volcanoes are found in its extreme east close to the Red Sea.Elsewhere, the land is subject to erosion, overgrazing, deforestation, and frequent droughts.
Lacking a detailed history, the kingdom's fall has been attributed to a persistent drought, overgrazing, deforestation, a plague, a shift in trade routes that reduced the importance of the Red Sea—or a combination of all of these factors. Munro-Hay cites the Muslim historian Abu Ja'far al-Khwarazmi/Kharazmi (who wrote before 833) as stating ...
The drought of 1984–1985 also increasingly impacted the rainfall. In 1981, the rains were 30% below normal. By 1982, the serious drought affected 1.85 million people in Wollo and Tigray provinces. Crop production declined by 12.2% per year from 1982 to 1984. By 1985, the drought produced famine that has equivalent full-scale starvation. [3]
Aoyate drought in the late 18th or early 19th century; 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia; 2008–2009 Kenya drought; 2011 East Africa drought; Sahel drought. 2010 Sahel famine; 2012 Sahel drought; Eastern Cape drought; 2017 Somali drought; 2018–2021 Southern African drought; 2020–2023 Horn of Africa drought; 2021 Somali drought; Food security ...
Following the severe drought of 1974, the Ethiopian government constructed dams in the area. [8] During the Ogaden War in the 70s, Fedis was a battleground between Ethiopian and Somali forces. [9] It was briefly occupied by the rebel group WSLF with support from Oromo locals. [10]