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The Rumford roaster is an early cast iron oven, invented by Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford, [1] around 1800. [2] It was part of his development of the kitchen range, which gave more control of the cooking and saved fuel. [3] He published his research in 1805. [4] The Rumford roaster is a cylinder of cast-iron set into a brick wall.
At its simplest, an earth oven is a pit in the ground used to trap heat and bake, smoke, or steam food. Earth ovens have been used in many places and cultures in the past, and the presence of such cooking pits is a key sign of human settlement often sought by archaeologists. They remain a common tool for cooking large quantities of food where ...
Breads were baked first when the beehive oven was hottest, with other baked items such as cinnamon buns, cakes, and pies. As the oven cooled, muffins and "biscuits" could be baked, along with puddings and custards. After a day's baking there was typically sufficient heat to dry apples and other fruits, vegetables, or herbs.
By the 1850s, the modern kitchen, equipped with a cooking range, was a fixture of middle-class homes. In 1850 Mary Evard invented the Reliance Cook Stove, which was divided in two with one half for dry baking and the other half for moist. [8] Patents issued to Mary Evard are U.S. patent 76,315 and U.S. patent 76,314 on April 7, 1868.
Ovens usually can use a variety of methods to cook. The most common may be to heat the oven from below. This is commonly used for baking and roasting. The oven may also be able to heat from the top to provide broiling (US) or grilling (UK/Commonwealth). A fan-assisted oven that uses a small fan to circulate the air in the cooking chamber, can ...
An oven bag, cooking bag or roasting bag is a bag used for the roasting of meat or other food in an oven. An oven bag must be chosen so that it will not melt at the temperature during cooking. They may be made of heatproof nylon [1] [2] or sometimes with food grade polyethylene terephthalate (PET). [3]
Modern ovens often include a convection fan inside the oven to provide even air circulation and let the food cook evenly. Some modern ovens come with temperature sensors which allows close control of baking, automatically shut off after reaching certain temperature, or hold on to particular temperature through the cooking process.
In cooking, proofing (also called proving) is a step in the preparation of yeast bread and other baked goods in which the dough is allowed to rest and rise a final time before baking. During this rest period, yeast ferments the dough and produces gases, thereby leavening the dough.