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Edmond Albius (c. 1829 – 9 August 1880) [1] was a horticulturalist from Réunion.Born into slavery, Albius became an important figure in the cultivation of vanilla. [2] At the age of 12, he invented a technique for pollinating vanilla orchids quickly and profitably.
In 1837, Morren was among the first to publish a method for artificial pollination of Vanilla, [3] [4] but his method proved financially unworkable and was not deployed commercially. In 1841, Edmond Albius, a 12-year-old slave who lived on the French island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean, discovered that the plant could be hand-pollinated ...
The first vanilla orchid to flower in Europe was in the London collection of the Honourable Charles Greville in 1806. Cuttings from that plant went to Netherlands and Paris, from which the French first transplanted the vines to their overseas colonies.
Food historian Lois Ellen Frank calls potatoes, tomatoes, corn, beans, squash, chili, cacao, and vanilla the "magic eight" ingredients that were found and used only in the Americas before 1492 and were taken via the Columbian Exchange back to the Old World, dramatically transforming the cuisine there. [17] [18] [19] According to Frank, [20]
Vanilla planifolia is a species of vanilla orchid native to Mexico, Central America, Colombia, and Brazil. [2] It is one of the primary sources for vanilla flavouring, due to its high vanillin content. Common names include flat-leaved vanilla, [5] and West Indian vanilla (also used for the Pompona vanilla, V. pompona).
First, the history: Vanilla is actually as South American as chiles or chocolate. In fact, it takes around three years for a vanilla orchid to start producing beans, and in order for that flower ...
The invention of the microscope stimulated the study of plant anatomy, and the first carefully designed experiments in plant physiology were performed. With the expansion of trade and exploration beyond Europe, the many new plants being discovered were subjected to an increasingly rigorous process of naming, description, and classification.
Vanilla, the vanilla orchids, forms a flowering plant genus of about 110 species in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). This evergreen genus occurs worldwide in tropical and subtropical regions, from tropical America to tropical Asia , New Guinea and West Africa . [ 1 ]