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  2. Sphalerite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphalerite

    Sphalerite has been found as a pseudomorph, taking the crystal structure of galena, tetrahedrite, barite and calcite. [13] [15] Sphalerite can have Spinel Law twins, where the twin axis is [111]. The chemical formula of sphalerite is (Zn,Fe)S; the iron content generally increases with increasing formation temperature and can reach up to 40%. [6]

  3. Glossary of winemaking terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_winemaking_terms

    While a small amount stays presence in the wine as carbonic acid, most of the gas will rise to the surface of the fermentation vessel and attempt to escape into the air. If the fermentation vessel is closed (such as a sealed wine bottle used to make sparkling wine), the gas will dissolve into the wine and when released will make the wine sparkling.

  4. Wine tasting descriptors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_tasting_descriptors

    Soft: a wine that is not overly tannic. [6] Sour: a wine with unbalanced, puckery acidity. Often applies to mistreated wines with excessive acetic acid, giving a vinegar-like bite. [23] Spicy: a wine with aromas and flavors reminiscent of various spices such as black pepper and cinnamon. While this can be a characteristic of the grape varietal ...

  5. Wine fault - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_fault

    A wine fault is a sensory-associated (organoleptic [1]) characteristic of a wine that is unpleasant, and may include elements of taste, smell, or appearance, elements that may arise from a "chemical or a microbial origin", where particular sensory experiences (e.g., an off-odor) might arise from more than one wine fault. [2]

  6. What is umami? Experts explain the fifth taste - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/umami-experts-explain-fifth...

    This story was first published on May 26, 2022. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 more ways to reach us

  7. Wine preservatives - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_preservatives

    In red wine, Sulfurous anhydride or sulfur dioxide (SO2), in particular, is the most frequently used source. [4] Acid protects wine from bacteria by regulating the pH value, which affects the growth and vitality of yeast during fermentation. [2] Acidity also directly affects color, balance and taste. [2] For example, sulfur dioxide, the most ...

  8. Clarification and stabilization of wine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarification_and...

    In surface filtration, the wine passes through a thin membrane. Running the wine parallel to the filter surface, known as cross-flow filtration, will minimize the filter clogging. The finest surface filtration, microfiltration, can sterilize the wine by trapping all yeast and, optionally, bacteria, and so is often done immediately prior to ...

  9. Wine chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_chemistry

    Wine is a complex mixture of chemical compounds in a hydro-alcoholic solution with a pH around 4. The chemistry of wine and its resultant quality depend on achieving a balance between three aspects of the berries used to make the wine: their sugar content, acidity and the presence of secondary compounds.