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The March of Austria, also known as Marcha Orientalis, was first formed in 976 out of the lands that had once been the March of Pannonia in Carolingian times. The oldest attestation dates back to 996, where the written name "ostarrichi" occurs in a document transferring land in present-day Austria to a Bavarian monastery.
Rudolf IV (1 November 1339 – 27 July 1365), also called Rudolf the Founder (German: der Stifter), was a scion of the House of Habsburg who ruled as duke of Austria (self-proclaimed archduke), Styria and Carinthia from 1358, as well as count of Tyrol from 1363 and as the first duke of Carniola from 1364 until his death.
Duke of Austria 1290–1326: Albert II Duke of Austria 1298–1358: Henry the Friendly 1299–1327: Otto Duke of Austria 1301–1339: John Parricida c. 1290 –1312/1313 Albertinian line Leopoldian line: Rudolf IV Duke of Austria 1339–1365: Frederick III 1347–1362: Albert III Duke of Austria 1349–1395: Leopold III Duke of Austria 1351 ...
He was the last of the monarchs belonging to the House of Habsburg-Lorraine to rule over Austria-Hungary. The son of Archduke Otto of Austria and Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony , Charles became heir presumptive of Emperor Franz Joseph when his uncle Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated in 1914 .
Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (German: Franz Joseph Karl [fʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈkaʁl]; Hungarian: Ferenc József Károly [ˈfɛrɛnt͡s ˈjoːʒɛf ˈkaːroj]; 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the ruler of the other states of the Habsburg monarchy from 1848 until his death in 1916. [1]
Duke of Austria 1290–1326: Albert II Duke of Austria 1298–1358: Henry the Friendly 1299–1327: Otto Duke of Austria 1301–1339: John Parricida c. 1290 –1312/1313 Albertinian line Leopoldian line: Rudolf IV Duke of Austria 1339–1365: Frederick III 1347–1362: Albert III Duke of Austria 1349–1395: Leopold III Duke of Austria 1351 ...
Albert II (German: Albrecht II. von Österreich; 12 December 1298 [dubious – discuss] – 16 August 1358), known as the Wise (der Weise) or the Lame (der Lahme), a member of the House of Habsburg, was duke of Austria and Styria from 1330, as well as duke of Carinthia and margrave of Carniola from 1335 until his death.
Frederick II (German: Friedrich II.; 25 April 1211 – 15 June 1246), known as Frederick the Quarrelsome (Friedrich der Streitbare), was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1230 until his death. He was the fifth and last Austrian duke from the House of Babenberg, since the former margraviate was elevated to a duchy by the 1156 Privilegium Minus. [1]