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  2. Carmine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmine

    Carmine ( / ˈkɑːrmən, ˈkɑːrmaɪn / ) – also called cochineal (when it is extracted from the cochineal insect ), cochineal extract, crimson lake, or carmine lake – is a pigment of a bright- red color obtained from the aluminium complex derived from carminic acid. [ 1] Specific code names for the pigment include natural red 4, C.I ...

  3. Cochineal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochineal

    Cochineal continues to be used as a fabric dye, a cosmetics dye and as a food coloring. [4] It is also used in histology as a preparatory stain for the examination of tissues and carbohydrates. [49] As of 2005, [needs update] Peru produced 200 tons of cochineal dye per year and the Canary Islands produced 20 tons per year.

  4. Annatto - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annatto

    Annatto ( / əˈnætoʊ / or / əˈnɑːtoʊ /) is an orange-red condiment and food coloring derived from the seeds of the achiote tree ( Bixa orellana ), native to tropical parts of the Americas. [ 1] It is often used to impart a yellow to red-orange color to foods, but sometimes also for its flavor and aroma. Its scent is described as ...

  5. Food coloring - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_coloring

    Food coloring. A variety of food colorings, added to beakers of water. Food coloring, color additive or colorant is any dye, pigment, or substance that imparts color when it is added to food or beverages. Colorants can be supplied as liquids, powders, gels, or pastes. Food coloring is commonly used in commercial products and in domestic cooking ...

  6. Food processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_processing

    Food processing is the transformation of agricultural products into food, or of one form of food into other forms. Food processing takes many forms, from grinding grain into raw flour, home cooking, and complex industrial methods used in the making of convenience foods. Some food processing methods play important roles in reducing food waste ...

  7. Decoupage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoupage

    Decoupage or découpage ( / ˌdeɪkuːˈpɑːʒ /; [ 1] French: [dekupaʒ]) is the art of decorating an object by gluing colored paper cutouts onto it in combination with special paint effects, gold leaf, and other decorative elements. Commonly, an object like a small box or an item of furniture is covered by cutouts from magazines or from ...

  8. Structural coloration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_coloration

    Structural coloration in animals, and a few plants, is the production of colour by microscopically structured surfaces fine enough to interfere with visible light instead of pigments, although some structural coloration occurs in combination with pigments. For example, peacock tail feathers are pigmented brown, but their microscopic structure ...

  9. Dyeing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyeing

    Khotan. Dyeing is the application of dyes or pigments on textile materials such as fibers, yarns, and fabrics with the goal of achieving color with desired color fastness. Dyeing is normally done in a special solution containing dyes and particular chemical material. Dye molecules are fixed to the fiber by absorption, diffusion, or bonding with ...