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In ancient Rome, the domus (pl.: domūs, genitive: domūs or domī) was the type of town house occupied by the upper classes and some wealthy freedmen during the Republican and Imperial eras. [1] . It was found in almost all the major cities throughout the Roman territories.
In the Christian ecclesiastical architecture that developed from the Roman basilica, a courtyard peristyle and its garden came to be known as a cloister.
From the historical perspective, the Roman domus (house) was oddly enough not exactly ‘Roman’ in its character. Rather it was possibly inspired by a few older Mediterranean cultures including the Etruscans and the Greeks – as is evident with the architectural focus on the central courtyard.
Courtyards were part of the earliest Roman dwellings, which were simple huts made of mud and straw. As Rome evolved and turned into an empire, so did its architecture. Courtyards became enclosed spaces surrounded by colonnades, long porches with columns.
A Roman villa was typically a farmhouse or country house in the territory of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, sometimes reaching extravagant proportions.
Lesson 2: Beginner guides to Roman architecture. Roman architecture. Italo-Roman building techniques. Roman domestic architecture (domus) Roman domestic architecture: the villa. Roman domestic architecture (insula) Forum Romanum (The Roman Forum) The Roman Forum: part 1 of Ruins in Modern Imagination. The Roman Forum, part II.
The peristylium was an open courtyard within the house; the columns or square pillars surrounding the garden supported a shady roofed portico whose inner walls were often embellished with elaborate wall paintings of landscapes and trompe-l'oeil architecture.
Familiar but enigmatic. The villa, on its face, seems to be the simplest of Roman domestic buildings to understand—after all, we continue to use the Latin term “villa” to conjure up a luxurious retreat in the country or at the seashore. We find evidence of the ancient Roman villa in both archaeological remains and in ancient texts.
In ancient Rome, the domus (plural domūs, genitive domūs or domī) was the type of house occupied by the upper classes and some wealthy freedmen during the Republican and Imperial eras. It was found in almost all the major cities throughout the Roman territories.
In the provinces of the Roman Empire, the adoption of classic villa architecture seems to serve as a mark of adopting a Roman lifestyle—with elites keen to demonstrate their urbanity by living in villas.