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The best-known homeostatic mechanisms in humans and other mammals are regulators that keep the composition of the extracellular fluid (or the "internal environment") constant, especially with regard to the temperature, pH, osmolality, and the concentrations of sodium, potassium, glucose, carbon dioxide, and oxygen.
Shock is the state of insufficient blood flow to the tissues of the body as a result of problems with the circulatory system. [ 1][ 2] Initial symptoms of shock may include weakness, fast heart rate, fast breathing, sweating, anxiety, and increased thirst. [ 1] This may be followed by confusion, unconsciousness, or cardiac arrest, as ...
Physical water scarcity, heatwaves, disease (most commonly from diseases that cause vomiting and/or diarrhea ), exercise. Treatment. Drinking clean water. Medication. Saline. In physiology, dehydration is a lack of total body water, [ 3] with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes.
Thermoregulation. Thermoregulation is the ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries, even when the surrounding temperature is very different. A thermoconforming organism, by contrast, simply adopts the surrounding temperature as its own body temperature, thus avoiding the need for internal thermoregulation.
Human physiology of underwater diving is the physiological influences of the underwater environment on the human diver, and adaptations to operating underwater, both during breath-hold dives and while breathing at ambient pressure from a suitable breathing gas supply. It, therefore, includes the range of physiological effects generally limited ...
Typical values for the viscosity of normal human plasma at 37 °C is 1.4 mN·s/m 2. [3] The viscosity of normal plasma varies with temperature in the same way as does that of its solvent water [4];a 3°C change in temperature in the physiological range (36.5°C to 39.5°C)reduces plasma viscosity by about 10%. [5]
2–3 per year (adults) 6–8 per year (children) [ 13] The common cold or the cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the respiratory mucosa of the nose, throat, sinuses, and larynx. [ 6][ 8] Signs and symptoms may appear in as little as two days after exposure to the virus. [ 6]
Excretory system. The excretory system is a passive biological system that removes excess, unnecessary materials from the body fluids of an organism, so as to help maintain internal chemical homeostasis and prevent damage to the body. The dual function of excretory systems is the elimination of the waste products of metabolism and to drain the ...