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e. France is one of the five "Nuclear Weapons States" under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, but is not known to possess or develop any chemical or biological weapons. [4][5] France is the only member of the European Union to possess independent (non-NATO) nuclear weapons. France was the fourth country to test an ...
The France's 1966–1970 nuclear test series[1] was a group of 22 nuclear tests conducted in 1966–1970. These tests followed the In Ekker series and preceded the 1971–1974 French nuclear tests series.
France became a nuclear power in 1960, and French nuclear stockpiles peaked at just over 500 nuclear weapons in 1992. [1] China developed its first nuclear weapon in 1964; its nuclear stockpile increased until the early 1980s, when it stabilized at between 200 and 260. [1] India became a nuclear power in 1974, while Pakistan developed its first ...
You may also add the template { {Translated|fr|Liste des essais nucléaires français}} to the talk page. France executed nuclear weapons tests in the areas of Reggane and In Ekker in Algeria and the Mururoa and Fangataufa Atolls in French Polynesia, from 13 February 1960 through 27 January 1996. These totaled 210 tests with 210 device ...
The history of France's military nuclear program recounts the path that led France to develop a military nuclear program after World War II. The establishment of the French Nuclear Deterrence Force was based on a French nuclear testing program that began on February 13, 1960, and ended on January 27, 1996.
1971–74 French nuclear tests. France carried out a series of 24 nuclear tests from 1971 to 1974 [1] These tests followed the 1966–1970 French nuclear tests series and preceded the 1975–1978 French nuclear tests.
Raduga (#121, October 20, 1961, at Novaya Zemlya) – one test, with a R-13 rocket launch. Tyulpan (#164, September 8, 1962, at Novaya Zemlya) – one test, with R-14 rockets launched from Chita. Operation K (1961 and 1962, at Sary-Shagan) – five tests, at high altitude, with rockets launched from Kapustin Yar.
France's 1979–1980 series tests and detonations. 100 kt device got hung up in the shaft after descending 400 m (1,300 ft) of a planned 700 m (2,300 ft). It was exploded anyway, blowing a hole in the rim of the atoll. Six people in the Tuamotos were injured when the wall collapsed and started a tsunami.