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Harvesting that heat energy using a thermoelectric generator can increase the fuel efficiency of the car. Thermoelectric generators have been investigated to replace the alternators in cars demonstrating a 3.45% reduction in fuel consumption. [33] Projections for future improvements are up to a 10% increase in mileage for hybrid vehicles. [34]
In physics and chemistry, the Nernst effect (also termed the first Nernst–Ettingshausen effect, after Walther Nernst and Albert von Ettingshausen) is a thermoelectric (or thermomagnetic) phenomenon observed when a sample allowing electrical conduction is subjected to a magnetic field and a temperature gradient normal (perpendicular) to each other.
The Ettingshausen effect (also known as second Nernst–Ettingshausen effect) is a thermoelectric (or thermomagnetic) phenomenon that affects the electric current in a conductor when a magnetic field is present.
Electrons are affected by two thermodynamic forces [from the charge, ∇(E F /e c) where E F is the Fermi level and e c is the electron charge and temperature gradient, ∇(1/T)] because they carry both charge and thermal energy, and thus electric current j e and heat flow q are described with the thermoelectric tensors (A ee, A et, A te, and A ...
From a physical electronic viewpoint, thermionic energy conversion is the direct production of electric power from heat by thermionic electron emission. From a thermodynamic viewpoint, [1] it is the use of electron vapor as the working fluid in a power-producing cycle.
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Thermoelectric acclimatization depends on the possibility of a Peltier cell of absorbing heat on one side and rejecting heat on the other side. [1] Consequently, it is possible to use them for heating [2] on one side and cooling on the other [3] and as a temperature control system. [4] Figure 1. Energy balance of a Peltier cell based heat pump